indian polity

National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), Functions, Chairman

Context: The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), India, has taken suo motu cognisance of a media report related to the death of 3 children in Meerut district of Uttar Pradesh. The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) acts as a watchdog...

List of Chief Ministers of Andhra Pradesh From 1956 to 2025

Andhra Pradesh, a state known for its rich heritage and dynamic political landscape, has been led by numerous Chief Ministers since its formation in 1956. The journey through its political history reflects a diverse and evolving governance style, marked by...

List of India’s Longest-Serving Home Ministers: Amit Shah Tops the Chart in 2025

List of India’s Longest-Serving Home Ministers: On August 5, 2025, Amit Shah achieved a historic political milestone by becoming India’s longest-serving Union Home Minister, surpassing the record held by veteran leader L.K. Advani. With 2,258+ days in office (and counting),...

Lok Adalat, History, Composition, Types, Benefits and Concerns

Context: Banking disputes, NBFC recovery cases, and gas supply issues have been brought under the purview of Lok Adalats to ensure faster, cost-effective resolution. What is Lok Adalat? The commitment given in the preamble of the Indian Constitution to ensure...

Prevention of Money Laundering Act 2002 (PMLA), Objectives, Amendments

Context: Since 2015, the Enforcement Directorate (ED) registered 5,892 PMLA cases but secured only 15 convictions, raising questions in Parliament about the agency's low conviction rate. Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 The Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA)...

Drafting Committee of Indian Constitution: Members, Role, Final Draft & Key Highlights

he Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution was one of the most significant committees formed by the Constituent Assembly. It was constituted on 29th August 1947 with the primary responsibility of scrutinizing and preparing the draft of the Constitution. The...

Anti-Defection Law, Origin, Provisions, Importance and Challenges

Context: The Supreme Court has questioned the Telangana Speaker for delaying action on the disqualification of BRS MLAs who defected to Congress, highlighting concerns over constitutional duties and anti-defection law. Anti-Defection Law The 52nd Amendment Act of 1985 added the...

Reorganisation of States Act 1956, Commissions, Schedules and Purpose

Context: Tamil Nadu Governor R N Ravi criticised the linguistic division of states, calling it a cause for creating "second-class citizens," sparking controversy amid renewed debates on language politics in India. Reorganisation of States The Reorganisation of States in India...

National Cooperative Policy 2025: Objectives, History and Pillars

Context: Union Home Minister Amit Shah has announced a new National Cooperative Policy, replacing the 23-year-old existing framework to strengthen and modernise India’s Cooperative Sector. About National Cooperative Policy 2025 Launched by Union Home and Cooperation Minister Amit Shah in...

Longest Serving PM of India, Jawaharlal Nehru and Narendra Modi

India has witnessed several powerful leaders, but only a few have left an enduring legacy through their long and consistent leadership. Jawaharlal Nehru, the country’s first Prime Minister, and Narendra Modi, the current Prime Minister, top the list as the...