indian polity

Appointment of High Court Judges, Procedure and Articles

The Supreme Court has directed the Himachal Pradesh High Court collegium to consider again the names of two judicial officers it had first recommended for elevation to the Bench 21 months ago. Appointment of High Court Judges Article 217: Every...

List of Chief Ministers of Bihar 1947-2024, Current Bihar CM

Bihar, one of India's most historically significant states, has been shaped by its Chief Ministers since its formation. As the administrative head of the state, the Chief Minister (CM) holds the highest office in Bihar, responsible for managing government policies...

List of Chief Ministers of Andhra Pradesh From 1956 to 2024

Andhra Pradesh, a state known for its rich heritage and dynamic political landscape, has been led by numerous Chief Ministers since its formation in 1956. The journey through its political history reflects a diverse and evolving governance style, marked by...

List of Chief Ministers of Odisha from 1947 to 2024

Odisha, located on India's eastern coast, has a storied political history with several notable Chief Ministers since its first government in 1946. This article offers a comprehensive look at the Chief Ministers of Odisha from 1947 to 2024, highlighting their...

UPSC Chairman List 1926 to 2024, Tenure, Salary and Appointment

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is a crucial constitutional body in India, responsible for the direct recruitment of officers to the All India Services and Central Civil Services through competitive examinations. Established on 1 October 1926, the UPSC has...

Urban Local Bodies, History, Objective, Types and Challenges

Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) play a vital role in the governance and administration of urban areas in India. They are local self-government institutions responsible for managing urban centers, including cities and towns. ULBs are empowered by state governments to handle...

Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill 2024, Key Objectives

Context: Recently, the central government introduced the Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill in the Lok Sabha. The Bill is introduced in the context of climate-induced disasters. Background of Disaster Management Bill The original Disaster Management Act, 2005 aimed to create institutional...

Preventive Detention and Article 22, Purpose and Supreme Court Judgments

The Supreme Court has questioned Tamil Nadu state government’s move to issue frequent preventive detention orders under the Tamil Nadu Goondas Act. What is Preventive Detention? When a person is detained/taken into custody without any trial & conviction by a...

Judicial Appointment Reforms in India, Collegium System vs NJAC

Context The problem of appointment of judges, which is linked to the problem of pendency of cases, has always been a matter of debate in India. This long-standing debate centres around the mechanisms for appointing judges, particularly the collegium system...

State Election Commission Reforms

Context: There is a need to strengthen the State Election Commissions (SECs) in India. Why is there a need of State Election Commission Reforms? Lack of Autonomy: SECs often lack the necessary autonomy and independence to function effectively. Example: As...