indian polity

Important Reports on Indian Federalism: Rajamannar, Sarkaria and Punchhi

Indian federalism is one of the most dynamic and debated features of the Constitution. Though India is described as a “Union of States” under Article 1, the balance of power between the Centre and the States has evolved through constitutional...

List of Chief Ministers of Maharashtra From 1960 to 2026

The state of Maharashtra, one of India’s largest and most economically significant states, was formed on May 1, 1960 after the division of the Bombay State. Since its inception, Maharashtra has witnessed a rich political history shaped by visionary Chief...

Electoral System in India 2026: SIR Update, Aadhaar Voter Tech and Women Reservation

India’s electoral system is the backbone of the world’s largest democracy. It governs how representatives are chosen at national, state, and local levels and ensures political participation for over 1.4 billion people. As of 2026, India’s electoral framework has evolved...

SLAPP Suits: Meaning, Examples, Impact on Free Speech and Democracy

Context: A Delhi court scrapped a gag order against journalists, reflecting the Supreme Court’s 2024 warning that powerful entities misuse SLAPP suits and pre-trial injunctions to curb free speech and public debate. Strategic Litigation Against Public Participation (SLAPP) Suits SLAPP)...

Finance Commission of India, Articles and Constitutional Provisions

Context: The Kerala government has requested the 16th Finance Commission for supplementary grants and a temporary extra borrowing limit of 0.5% of Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP). The Government of Tamil Nadu recently hosted the 16th Finance Commission, which was...

High Number of Pending Cases in Supreme Court of India

Context: The pendency of cases in the Supreme Court has reached an all-time high of 88,417, even when the court is currently functioning with its full sanctioned judicial strength of 34 judges. Reasons Behind High Number of Pending Cases Frequent...

NITI Aayog: Objectives, Functions, Structure and Major Initiatives

Context: NITI Aayog was formed to drive long-term planning, Centre–State coordination, and structural reforms, but a decade later, it is often seen as an armchair body focused more on reports and indices than real economic transformation. Under his vision to...

Parliament of World’s Religions, Aim, Participants and Legacy

Context: September 11, 2025, marked 132 years since Swami Vivekananda’s historic speech at the Parliament of the World’s Religions in Chicago. What is the Parliament of World’s Religions? Parliament of World’s Religions was held in Chicago from September 11–27, 1893,...

Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA), Objectives and Key Activities

Context: Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla inaugurated the 11th Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA). About Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA) Establishment: Founded in 1911 as the Empire Parliamentary Association. Renamed as the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA) in 1948. Headquarters: London, United Kingdom....

National Scheduled Tribe Finance and Development Corporation (NSTFDC)

Context: Coal India Limited and NSTFDC sign MoU to empower tribal students through Eklavya Model Residential Schools. About National Scheduled Tribe Finance and Development Corporation (NSTFDC) National Scheduled Tribe Finance and Development Corporation (NSTFDC) was set up in 2001 under...