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Tiger Reserves in India 2023
Tiger Reserves in India: Project Tiger, which is run by the National Tiger Conservation Authority, is in charge of 53 of India’s tiger reserves (NTCA). 80% of the tigers in the world reside in India. There were 1,411 tigers in 2006; by 2010, there were 1,706; by 2014, there were 2,226; and by 2018, there were 2967.
According to subsection (1) of section 38V of the Wild Life Protection Act of 1972, “The state government shall notify an area as a Tiger Reserve on the suggestion of the tiger conservation authority.” The recommendation is required to be accepted by the state. A tiger reserve’s limits may not be changed without the National Board for Wild Life’s approval and the National Tiger Conservation Authority’s suggestion. Unless it is in the public interest and with the consent of the National Board for Wild Life and the National Tiger Conservation Authority, no State Government may de-notify a tiger reserve.
Critical tiger habitats (CTH) are designated under the Wild Life Protection Act (WLPA), which is also known as the core of tiger reserves. According to the law, these regions must be preserved inviolate for the conservation of tigers without compromising the rights of the Scheduled Tribes or other forest inhabitants. The state government notifies CTH after consulting with the committee of experts it formed specifically for the purpose.
The Guru Ghasidas National Park and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary have been united to form India’s newest tiger reserve, which is located in the state of Chhattisgarh. This will be the fourth tiger reserve in Chhattisgarh and the 53rd tiger reserve in all of India.
List of 53 Tiger Reserves in India
Here’s the List of Tiger Reserves in India with states and total area covered:
| S No. |
Tiger Reserves in India (Name) |
State/UTs |
Total Area (sq km) |
| 1 | Bandipur | Karnataka | 914.02 |
| 2 | Corbett | Uttarakhand | 1288.31 |
| 3 | Amanagarh buffer | Uttar Pradesh | 80.60 |
| 4 | Kanha | Madhya Pradesh | 2,051.79 |
| 5 | Manas | Assam | 2,837.10 |
| 6 | Melghat | Maharashtra | 2,768.52 |
| 7 | Palamu | Jharkhand | 1,129.93 |
| 8 | Ranthambore | Rajasthan | 1,411.29 |
| 9 | Simlipal | Orissa | 2,750.00 |
| 10 | Sunderban | West Bengal | 2,584.89 |
| 11 | Periyer | Kerala | 925.00 |
| 12 | Sariska | Rajasthan | 1,213.34 |
| 13 | Buxa | West Bengal | 757.90 |
| 14 | Indravati | Chattisgarh | 2,799.07 |
| 15 | Namdapha | Arunachal Pradesh | 2,052.82 |
| 16 | Nagarjunsagar | Andhra Pradesh | 3,296.31 |
| 17 | Dudhwa | Uttar Pradesh | 2,201.77 |
| 18 | Kalakad Mundanthurai | Tamil Nadu | 1,601.54 |
| 19 | Valmiki | Bihar | 899.38 |
| 20 | Pench | Madhya Pradesh | 1,179.63 |
| 21 | Tadobha Andhari | Maharashtra | 1,727.59 |
| 22 | Bandhavgarh | Madhya Pradesh | 1,536.93 |
| 23 | Panna | Madhya Pradesh | 1,598.10 |
| 24 | Dampa | Mizoram | 988.00 |
| 25 | Bhadra | Karnataka | 1,064.29 |
| 26 | Pench – MH | Maharashtra | 741.22 |
| 27 | Pakke | Arunachal Pradesh | 1,198.45 |
| 28 | Nameri | Assam | 464.00 |
| 29 | Satpura | Madhya Pradesh | 2,133.31 |
| 30 | Anamalai | Tamil Nadu | 1,479.87 |
| 31 | Udanti Sitanadi | Chattisgarh | 1,842.54 |
| 32 | Satkoshia | Odisha | 963.87 |
| 33 | Kaziranga | Assam | 1,173.58 |
| 34 | Achanakmar | Chattisgarh | 914.02 |
| 35 | Kali | Karnataka | 1,097.51 |
| 36 | Sanjay Dhubri | Madhya Pradesh | 1,674.50 |
| 37 | Mudumalai | Tamil Nadu | 688.59 |
| 38 | Nagarhole | Karnataka | 1,205.76 |
| 39 | Parambikulam | Kerala | 643.66 |
| 40 | Sahyadri | Maharashtra | 1,165.57 |
| 41 | Biligiri Ranganatha Temple | Karnataka | 574.82 |
| 42 | Kawal | Telangana | 2,015.44 |
| 43 | Sathyamangalam | Tamil Nadu | 1,408.40 |
| 44 | Mukundara | Rajasthan | 759.99 |
| 45 | Nawegaon Nagzira | Maharashtra | 1,894.94 |
| 46 | Amrabad | Telangana | 2,611.39 |
| 47 | Pilibhit | Uttar Pradesh | 730.25 |
| 48 | Bor | Maharashtra | 816.27 |
| 49 | Rajaji | Uttarakhand | 1075.17 |
| 50 | Orang | Assam | 492.46 |
| 51 | Kamlang | Arunachal Pradesh | 783.00 |
| 52 | Srivilliputhur Megamalai | Tamil Nadu | 1016.57 |
| 53 | Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Reserve | Rajasthan | 1501.8921 |
| 54 | Guru Ghasidas Tiger Reserve | Chhattisgarh | 2048 |
India’s Tiger Reserves Significance
Ever since the turn of the 20th century, the number of tigers has been declining. According to a report, tigers have lost 93% of their former range. According to, India is home to over 70% of the world’s tigers. Indian culture places a high value on tigers. As the top predator in an ecosystem, tigers are essential to preserving its diversity and health. Tiger habitat conservation and protection benefits a variety of ecosystem services, including the preservation of rivers and other water supplies, the reduction of soil erosion, and the enhancement of ecological services like pollination and water table retention, among others.
Tiger Reserves of India Threats
One of the biggest obstacles to tiger conservation is still poaching. Because the tiger has such high market value, professional poachers, local hunters, trappers, pirates, and peasants all hunt them. Tigers and other species have been compelled to tighten their belts and migrate to cooler places as a result of climate change and global warming, which has increased average global temperatures. Natural calamities like extensive forest fires pose a serious hazard. Concern has been raised about human encroachment on tiger habitats for farming, expanding infrastructure, and grazing cattle. Tiger habitats are seriously threatened by the growth of transportation infrastructure, including as roads and railroads.
Tiger Reserves of India Map
53rd Tiger Reserve in India
Chhattisgarh’s request to designate the combined lands of the Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary and the Guru Ghasidas National Park as a Tiger Reserve was approved by the NTCA’s Technical Committee in October 2021. In accordance with the terms of the Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972, the NTCA has authorized the application. Guru Ghasidas NP and Tamor Pingla WLS, which together total 1,440 and 608 square kilometres, respectively. 2011 saw the addition of the Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary to the Sarguja Jashpur Elephant Reserve.
The Guru Ghasidas National Park was a section of the Sanjay National Park in Madhya Pradesh before it was divided. As the last known habitat of the Asiatic cheetah in India, Guru Ghasidas National Park is notable. The new tiger reserve gives the tigers a passageway to travel between Bandhavgarh and Palamau (Jharkhand) (Madhya Pradesh). A plan also exists to turn Bhoramdeo WLS into a Tiger Reserve. Indravati Tiger Reserve in Chhattisgarh and Kanha Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh are linked by Bhoramdeo.
Tiger Reserves in India Conservation Plan
According to the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972’s section 38.v.(3) For the proper management of each area referred to in sub-section (1), the State Government shall develop a Tiger Conservation Plan, including a staff development and deployment plan. This will ensure:
- Protection of the Tiger Reserve and provision of habitat inputs specific to the tiger reserve for maintaining a viable population of tigers, co-predators, and prey animals..
- Ecologically friendly land uses that provide dispersing habitat and corridors in tiger reserves and areas connecting one Protected Area (PA) with another PA or tiger reserve.
- The forestry needs of tiger protection are not incompatible with the activities of conventional forest divisions or divisions next to tiger reserves.
- Of the 50 tiger reserves, the TCPs of the following 35 have received NTCA approval, while the other reserves are undergoing preparation or review.
Tiger Reserves in India: Tiger Conservation Foundation
Tiger conservation is a shared duty between the federal government and the states that calls for coordinated, creative, and time-bound effort. Along with updating the ongoing Project Tiger Scheme with increased funding to support the tiger States, the Government of India has launched a number of ground-breaking efforts in this area. At this level, appropriate institutional adjustments have also been made.
According to section 38X of the Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972, the State Government must create a Tiger Conservation Foundation (TCF) for tiger reserves located within the State in order to facilitate and support the management of tiger reserves for the conservation of tigers and associated biodiversity as well as for taking eco-development initiatives through community involvement in the development process.
The Foundation’s goal is to assist and support the management of tiger reserves for the conservation of tigers and biodiversity, through multi-stakeholder participation in accordance with approved management plans, and to support related initiatives in neighboring landscapes in accordance with national and state laws.
Tiger Reserves in India UPSC Important Schemes
|
Schemes |
Objectives |
|
Project Tiger |
On April 1st, 1973, Project Tiger was established to support the preservation of tigers in India. It is a fully federally funded program that gives money to the “tiger range States” in order to support in-situ tiger conservation in the selected tiger reserves. The National Tiger Conservation Authority oversees Project Tiger (NTCA) |
|
Tiger Census |
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) and the Wildlife Institute of India (WII), with assistance from several state forest agencies and conservation NGOs, have been leading the government of India’s four-year-old Tiger Census from 2006. |
|
M-STrIPES |
In 2010, a software-based monitoring system called Monitoring System for Tigers – Intensive Protection and Ecological Status was introduced throughout Indian tiger reserves. Its goal is to increase patrolling and oversight of the critically endangered Bengal tiger. |
| St. Petersburg Declaration on Tiger Conservation | In 2010, during the Petersburg Tiger Summit, the leaders of 13 nations that are home to tigers, including India, committed to taking all necessary steps to protect tigers worldwide and to doubling their population in the wild. TX2 was chosen as the initiative’s motto. |
Tiger Reserves in India 2023 FAQs
Q. Which is the 53rd Tiger Reserve in India?
Ans. The combined area of Guru Ghasidas National Park (Sanjay National Park) and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary of Chhattisgarh have been designated as India’s 53rd Tiger Reserve by the National Tiger Conservation Authority.
Q. How many Tiger Reserves are in India?
Ans. The tiger reserves of India were set up in 1973 and are governed by Project Tiger, which is administrated by the National Tiger Conservation Authority. Until today, 53 protected areas have been designated tiger reserves in India.
Q. Which is the 51st Tiger Reserve of India?
Ans. The Srivilliputhur Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary & Megamalai Wildlife Sanctuary has been declared as “Srivilliputhur Megamalai Tiger Reserve”, the 51st Tiger Reserve of India.
Q. How many Tiger Reserves are there in India 2022?
Ans. From nine tiger reserves in 1973 to 53 in 2022
Q. Which state has the highest number of Tigers 2022?
Ans. The state with the highest number of tigers is Madhya Pradesh at about 526 as per the latest counting. It is also the state with the highest number of tiger reserves.
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