environment

List of Tiger Reserves in India 2026 – Complete Guide

Tiger Reserves are one of the most important topics for UPSC Prelims and Mains under Environment, Ecology, Biodiversity Conservation, and Government Schemes. As of 2026, India has 58 Tiger Reserves, spread across 18 states, covering more than 82,000 sq km...

Geological Heritage Sites of India: Significance, Conservation, and Challenges

Geological Heritage Sites are natural laboratories that record the Earth's evolutionary history through rocks, landforms, fossils, and mineral deposits. Recognizing their scientific, educational, and cultural importance, the Geological Survey of India (GSI) has identified several sites as National Geological Monuments...

List of Biosphere Reserves in India 2026: A Complete Guide to India’s Biodiversity Hotspots

India is one of the world’s 17 mega-biodiverse countries, hosting nearly 8% of global biodiversity despite covering only about 2.4% of Earth’s land area. To protect this extraordinary natural heritage, India established the concept of Biosphere Reserves, which represent large...

Ramsar Sites in India 2026 List: Names, Check State-wise List with Map

Ramsar Sites are wetlands of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention, a global treaty for wetland conservation. India, with its diverse ecosystems and abundant water resources, is home to 96 Ramsar Sites as of 2026, making it one of...

List of National Parks in India 2025, Check State-wise List

India is one of the world’s most biologically diverse countries, home to a wide range of ecosystems including tropical rainforests, alpine meadows, deserts, wetlands, mangroves, and marine habitats. To protect this rich natural heritage, the Government of India has established...

Bonnet Macaques: Habitat, Features, Behaviour, and Conservation Status

The Bonnet Macaque (Macaca radiata) is one of the most iconic primates of southern India. Known for its unique “bonnet-shaped” hair whorl on the head, this monkey has adapted remarkably well to live close to humans, often becoming a familiar...

Periyar Tiger Reserve, Map, Flora, Fauna and Significance

Context: A State Finance Inspection wing report has revealed financial irregularities at the Periyar Tiger Reserve (PTR), Kerala. Periyar Tiger Reserve Periyar Tiger Reserve is located in the Cardamom Hills and Pandalam Hills of the southern Western Ghats in Kerala,...

Project Cheetah in India, Objectives, Challenges and Criticisms

Context: On the occasion of the third anniversary of Project Cheetah, a female cheetah named Dheera has been relocated from Kuno National Park to Gandhisagar Wildlife Sanctuary in MP. Cheetah Reintroduction Project in India Launch: The Cheetah Reintroduction Project in...

UNESCO’s Tentative List of World Heritage Sites

Context: India adds 7 new natural sites to UNESCO’s Tentative World Heritage List. List of 7 New Natural Sites to UNESCO’s Tentative World Heritage These sites are: Deccan Traps at Panchgani and Mahabaleshwar (Maharashtra) Geological Heritage of St. Mary’s Island...

Light Pollution, Types, Impacts and Global Initiatives

Context: A global study based on bird vocalisations (via BirdWeather network using AI model BirdNET) has revealed that artificial light pollution significantly alters bird behaviour. Key Observations Light Pollution impacts the environment and causes habitat loss, disruption of food webs,...