science and tech

Expansion of Universe, Speed, Reasons, Impact

Context A recent study confirmed that two equally valid methods for measuring the universe's expansion rate yield different values, creating the "Hubble tension." Two methods to measure expansion: Cosmic microwave background (CMB) and The cosmic distance ladder, specifically observations of...

Difference Between Cruise and Ballistic Missiles

Cruise missiles are guided, jet or propeller-driven projectiles that can fly at low altitudes, follow a flexible path, and are capable of precision strikes. Ballistic missiles, on the other hand, are unguided, rocket-powered weapons that follow a high, arching trajectory...

PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM) and Space Debris

Context: ISRO's PSLV-C58 mission successfully minimised space debris by transforming the spent fourth stage of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) into an orbital platform named PSLV Orbital Experimental Module-3 (POEM-3). What is PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM)? Developed by...

God Particle or Higgs Boson Particle, Discovery, Significance

Context: Physicist Peter Higgs who came up with the idea of the “Higgs boson particle” or “God particle”, has passed away aged 94. Higgs Boson Particle or God Particle The "God Particle" is a popular nickname for the Higgs boson,...

AUKUS Trilateral Security Alliance, Objectives, Members

Context: The US, UK, and Australia are considering adding Japan to the AUKUS security pact to boost Indo-Pacific defences. About AUKUS About AUKUS Launched September, 2021 What is it? Trilateral security alliance between the United States, United Kingdom and Australia....

Health Equity, Role of Different Stakeholders and Challenges

What is Health Equity? Definition: Everyone has an equal opportunity to achieve optimal health, regardless of background. Goes beyond access to healthcare, addressing social determinants of health like poverty, education, and environment Example: A child in rural poverty lacks access...

Universal Health Coverage (UHC), UN Resolution and India’s Commitment

Context: Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is critical for improving public health and economic robustness and plays a pivotal impact in achieving health equality in India. What is Universal Health Coverage (UHC)? Universal access to comprehensive, high-quality health services without financial...

Semiconductor Manufacturing in India, Need, Challenges

Context: The TATA group has partnered with Taiwan’s Power chip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC) to set-up a 300mm wafer fabrication plant in Gujarat. Semiconductor chip manufacturing is limited to a few regions globally. Recent supply chain disruptions and geopolitical tensions...

Akashteer System, Purpose, Benefits, Significance

Context: The Indian Army has begun the induction of the indigenous Akashteer system to boost its air defence capabilities. Akashteer System is a cutting-edge initiative designed to automate and improve India's air defence capabilities. Developed by Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)...

H5N1 Virus, Impact, Reasons Behind Large-Scale Spread in India

Context: Since 2020, a highly pathogenic avian influenza, H5N1, has been affecting birds worldwide, with more than 80 countries reporting infections as of December 2023. What is Bird Flu? Bird flu or avian influenza primarily infects poultry and wild birds,...