International Relation

US Clears Holtec To Build N-Reactors In India

According to recent news from late March and April 2025, an American company, Holtec International, obtained regulatory approval from the U.S. Department of Energy to share technology for small modular nuclear reactors (SMRs) with India. U.S. Firm Holtec International Gets...

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), Routes, Significance and Challenges

Context: Colombia formally agreed to join China's vast Belt and Road infrastructure initiative. China Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) The China Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), formerly known as the One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative, is a global infrastructure...

Insurgency in Balochistan: Baloch Liberation Army (BLA) and the Republic of Balochistan

Insurgency in Balochistan: The Balochistan region has long been a hotspot for geopolitical tensions, armed insurgency, and aspirations for independence. At the heart of this prolonged conflict lies the Baloch Liberation Army (BLA)—a separatist militant group—and the broader movement seeking...

80 Years of Victory of Europe (VE) Day

Context: This year is the 80th year anniversary of Victory of Europe (VE) Day. 80 Years of Victory of Europe (VE) Day: Background End of World War II in Europe (May 1945) On May 8, 1945, Germany surrendered, ending the...

IMF Loan to Pakistan 2025: $1 Billion Bailout Approved Amid India’s Objection

International Monetary Fund (IMF) formally sanctioned a loan for Pakistan in May 2025, sanctioning a disbursement of $1 billion out of its bailout package worth $7 billion. This was as declared by the government of PM Shehbaz Sharif, who welcomed...

VoTAN: Victims of Terrorism Advocacy Network

The United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism (UNOCT) launched the Victims of Terrorism Associations Network (VoTAN) officially on April 28, 2025. The initiative is one of the main results of the first UN Global Congress of Victims of Terrorism, held in...

US-Ukraine Mineral Deal and Mineral Resources in Ukraine

Context: The U.S. has proposed access to 50% of Ukraine’s critical minerals in exchange for military and economic assistance. Ukraine and the United States signed a deal that will give the United States preferential access to new Ukrainian minerals deals...

Line of Control (LoC), Background, How LoC was formed?

Context: Pakistan violated the ceasefire along the Line of Control in the Kashmir Valley by resorting to unprovoked firing. The Line of Control (LoC) is perhaps the most sensitive and unstable border in the world, dividing Indian-administered Jammu & Kashmir...

Current Global Crises and Geopolitical Disruptions

Context: The contemporary world is undergoing a phase of unprecedented geopolitical and economic disruption, driven by volatile leadership, shifting power structures, and resurgent regional conflicts. What are the Current Global Crises? United States (U.S.) President Donald Trump's transactional approach to...

Strategic Importance of Crimea to Russia

Context: US President Trump has proposed a peace deal where the US would formally recognise Crimea as part of Russia. This move reverses a long-standing US foreign policy, which has opposed Russia’s 2014 annexation of Crimea from Ukraine. Strategic Importance...