geography

Katchatheevu Island, Location, Historical Context and Physical Characteristics

Context: The Sri Lankan president recently visited Katchatheevu Island. Prime Minister Modi criticised the ceding of Katchatheevu to Sri Lanka in 1974 by the then Indira Gandhi Government. About Katchatheevu Island Katchatheevu is an uninhabited offshore island in the Palk...

Pulses Production in India, Challenges and Government Schemes

Context: NITI Aayog has recently released a report titled “Strategies and Pathways for Accelerating Growth in Pulses towards the Goal of Atmanirbharta.”The report outlines India’s roadmap to achieve self-sufficiency in pulses production by addressing productivity gaps, reducing import dependence, and...

How Global Warming is affecting India’s Monsoon Patterns

Context: Global warming is making India’s southwest monsoon increasingly unpredictable by weakening traditional circulation patterns and fueling extreme weather with excess atmospheric moisture. India’s Southwest Monsoon It refers to the seasonal reversal of winds bringing moist air from the Indian...

Tawi River: Origin, Course, Tributary and Importance

Context: India alerted Pakistan about high floods in the Tawi river on humanitarian grounds, even though the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) remains suspended. About Tawi River Tributary & Importance A major left-bank tributary of the Chenab River. Holds sacred significance,...

Lipulekh Pass: Location, Features and Significance

Context: Nepal has opposed the India-China decision to restart border trade through the Lipulekh Pass in Uttarakhand, calling it unexpected and unacceptable as the region is disputed (Kalapani-Lipulekh-Limpiyadhura). Lipulekh Pass – Location and Features A high-altitude mountain pass in the...

Flash Floods: Causes, Risk Factors and Mitigation Strategies

Context: At least 65 people were killed and over 50 reported missing after torrential rain triggered a flash flood in Chasoti village, Kishtwar district, Jammu & Kashmir. Reasons for Flash Floods and Rain in J&K Impact Loss of lives: Dozens...

Magnitude 5.7 Earthquake hits Mexico’s Oaxaca Region

Context: A magnitude 5.7 earthquake struck Mexico’s Oaxaca region, causing tremors in Mexico City, but no major damage or injuries were reported. Mexico's Oaxaca Region Location: Oaxaca is a southern state in Mexico, bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the...

Sea of Japan, Map, Location, Geography and Significance

Context: China and Russia began a three-day joint naval drill, “Joint Sea-2025,” on the Sea of Japan. Sea of Japan (also called East Sea) The Sea of Japan, also known by various names, is a marginal sea that lies between...

India’s Heat Action Plans (HAPs), Issues, Challenges and Solutions

Context: According to a 2024 study by the Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW), over 50% of Indian districts—home to more than 1 billion people—are at high to very high risk from extreme heat. This alarming trend highlights not...

Vishnugad Pipalkoti Hydro Electric Project (VPHEP)

Context: 12 labourers were injured after a landslip hit the Vishnugad hydroelectric project site (situated on the Dhauliganga River) in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India. Vishnugad Pipalkoti Hydro Electric Project (VPHEP) The Vishnugad Pipalkoti Hydro Electric Project (VPHEP) is a run-of-the-river...