geography

Sea of Japan, Map, Location, Geography and Significance

Context: China and Russia began a three-day joint naval drill, “Joint Sea-2025,” on the Sea of Japan. Sea of Japan (also called East Sea) The Sea of Japan, also known by various names, is a marginal sea that lies between...

India’s Heat Action Plans (HAPs), Issues, Challenges and Solutions

Context: According to a 2024 study by the Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW), over 50% of Indian districts—home to more than 1 billion people—are at high to very high risk from extreme heat. This alarming trend highlights not...

Vishnugad Pipalkoti Hydro Electric Project (VPHEP)

Context: 12 labourers were injured after a landslip hit the Vishnugad hydroelectric project site (situated on the Dhauliganga River) in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India. Vishnugad Pipalkoti Hydro Electric Project (VPHEP) The Vishnugad Pipalkoti Hydro Electric Project (VPHEP) is a run-of-the-river...

Mahanadi River: Location, Major Tributaries, Course and Map

Context: Odisha and Chhattisgarh have shown a willingness to amicably resolve the Mahanadi river water dispute, prompting the Mahanadi Water Disputes Tribunal to defer its hearing to allow further negotiations. Mahanadi River Mahanadi River is a major east-flowing river in India....

Wetlands in India List, Map, Types, Importance and Threats

Context: India’s resolution titled “Promoting Sustainable Lifestyles for the Wise Use of Wetlands” was adopted with overwhelming support at Ramsar COP15 held in Zimbabwe. Wetlands in India From 2014 to 2024, 59 new sites were added to the Ramsar list,...

Zangezur Corridor: Location, History, Significance and India’s Concerns

Context: Armenia raised concerns in May 2025 over the proposed Zangezur Corridor, backed by Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Pakistan, fearing threats to its sovereignty and regional balance. Zangezur Corridor Geographical Context The Zangezur Corridor is a proposed transport route intended to...

Pacific Ring of Fire, Geological Activity, Recently Erupted Volcanoes

News? The epicentre of the recent 8.8 magnitude earthquake in the Russian far east side was on the Circum-Pacific belt (or Ring of fire). About Pacific Ring of Fire Ring of Fire is a path along the Pacific Ocean characterised by...

HYDRAA Clears Encroachments in Musi River: Historical Significance and Restoration

Context: HYDRAA (Hyderabad Disaster Response and Asset Protection Agency) reclaimed over 9.6 acres of the Musi river bed from illegal encroachments. About Musi River The Musi River, alternatively called Muchukunda or Musunuru River in the past, is a major Krishna...

Slums in Flood Prone Areas Highest in India, Key Issues and Solutions

Context: India has the world’s highest number of slum clusters in flood-prone areas. Key Issues for Slums in Flood Prone Areas High Exposure to Flood Risk: Over 158 million slum dwellers in India live in floodplains, especially in the Ganga...

Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOF), Types, Reasons and Impacts

Context: With rising temperatures and subsequent glacial melt, the increased risk of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) is threatening life and property in the higher Himalayas. More on News An expert committee constituted by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and...