environment

WMO’s State of the Global Climate 2025 Report

Context: On March 23, 2026 (World Meteorological Day), the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) released its flagship State of the Global Climate 2025 report. Key Takeaways from WMO’s State of the Global Climate 2025 Report Atmospheric Concentrations: Greenhouse gas (GHG) levels...

Agri-photovoltaics in India, Key Features, Opportunities and Initiatives

Context In the 2026-27 Budget, the outlay for the PM-KUSUM scheme nearly doubled to ₹5,000 crore, with the government considering a National Agri-photovoltaics Mission to achieve 10 GW of capacity. This move positions Agri-photovoltaics (agriPV) as a primary solution to...

Delhi’s Smog-Eating Road Initiative: Technology to Combat Air Pollution

Context: The Delhi government announced a six-month collaborative research project with IIT Madras to test the efficacy of photocatalytic coatings in combating urban air pollution. Delhi’s Smog-Eating Road Initiative Delhi’s Smog-Eating Road Initiative is an innovative step aimed at tackling...

MC Mehta’s Legacy In Environmental Jurispendence

Context: Nearly four decades after veteran lawyer M.C. Mehta filed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) on vehicular pollution, the Supreme Court has officially closed the case. Timeline of Landmark Interventions The Foundation: Absolute Liability (1984–1986) 1984: Spurred by the Bhopal...

World Wetlands Day 2026: Theme, History, Importance, and Conservation Efforts

World Wetland Day 2026 is observed globally on 2 February 2026 to raise awareness about the importance of wetlands in sustaining biodiversity, climate balance, and human livelihoods. The 2026 observance highlights the role of traditional knowledge systems in protecting these...

Geological Heritage Sites of India: Significance, Conservation, and Challenges

Geological Heritage Sites of India are natural laboratories that record the Earth's evolutionary history through rocks, landforms, fossils, and mineral deposits. Recognizing their scientific, educational, and cultural importance, the Geological Survey of India (GSI) has identified several sites as National...

Wildlife Sanctuaries of India 2026: List, Map, Area, Importance

Wildlife Sanctuaries in India are specially declared zones to preserve wild animals, plants, and their natural habitats. They ensure that biodiversity prospers without too much human intervention. As of 2026, there are 573 Wildlife Sanctuaries in India, which comprise 1,23,762.56...

List of Tiger Reserves in India 2026 – Complete Guide

Tiger Reserves are one of the most important topics for UPSC Prelims and Mains under Environment, Ecology, Biodiversity Conservation, and Government Schemes. As of 2026, India has 58 Tiger Reserves, spread across 18 states, covering more than 82,000 sq km...

List of Biosphere Reserves in India 2026: A Complete Guide to India’s Biodiversity Hotspots

India is one of the world’s 17 mega-biodiverse countries, hosting nearly 8% of global biodiversity despite covering only about 2.4% of Earth’s land area. To protect this extraordinary natural heritage, India established the concept of Biosphere Reserves, which represent large...

Ramsar Sites in India 2026 List: Names, Check State-wise List with Map

Ramsar Sites are wetlands of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention, a global treaty for wetland conservation. India, with its diverse ecosystems and abundant water resources, is home to 96 Ramsar Sites as of 2026, making it one of...