Table of Contents
Ramsar Sites are wetlands of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention, a global treaty for wetland conservation. India, with its diverse ecosystems and abundant water resources, is home to 103 Ramsar Sites as of 2026, making it one of the countries with the highest number of internationally recognized wetlands. These sites support millions of migratory birds and aquatic species, and provide critical ecosystem services to local communities.
This comprehensive guide covers all 103 Ramsar Sites in India, their locations, types, and ecological significance.
Read: National Parks in India 2026
What is a Ramsar Site?
The Ramsar Convention, signed in Ramsar, Iran, in 1971, is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands. A Ramsar Site is designated based on criteria including:
- Importance as habitats for water birds
- Support for fish populations and aquatic biodiversity
- Hydrological, biological, or ecological significance
- Economic, cultural, or recreational value
India is the 4th largest Ramsar site signatory country globally, with wetlands covering approximately 15.89 million hectares.
Total Ramsar Sites in India (2026)
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Total Ramsar Sites in India (as of Oct 2026): 103
Latest Ramsar Sites in India
| S. No. | Ramsar Site | State / UT | Type of Wetland | River / Basin | Key Biodiversity / Flyway | Major Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sukhna Wetland (newest) | Chandigarh | Peri-urban reservoir | Sukhna catchment, Shivalik foothills | Central Asian Flyway; Common Pochard, Pallas’s Fish Eagle | Regulates sediment and water flows; supports resident and migratory birds |
| 2 | Sauj Jheel (newest) | Uttar Pradesh | Shallow freshwater lake | Ganga floodplain | Sarus Crane, Greater Spotted Eagle; over 30,000 waterbirds | Bird habitat, wetland connectivity and ecological support for the surrounding landscape |
| 3 | Chhari-Dhand | Gujarat | Seasonal saline wetland | Kachchh region | Migratory waterbirds, including Common Crane | Important wintering ground and habitat in an arid landscape |
| 4 | Patna Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | Freshwater marsh, woodland and grassland | Inland wetland system | 178 recorded bird species; broad-snouted crocodile | Bird conservation and diverse wetland habitats |
| 5 | Kopra Jalashay | Chhattisgarh | Inland reservoir / wetland | Mahanadi basin | Waterbirds and aquatic biodiversity | Water storage, fisheries and habitat conservation |
| 6 | Gokul Jalashay | Bihar | Oxbow lake | Ganga floodplain | Resident and migratory waterbirds | Wetland biodiversity, fisheries and local livelihoods |
| 7 | Udaipur Jheel | Bihar | Oxbow lake | Ganga floodplain | Migratory birds; Common Pochard | Bird habitat and wetland conservation |
| 8 | Gogabil Lake | Bihar | Freshwater floodplain wetland | Ganga–Mahananda region | Migratory birds and aquatic fauna | Flood buffering, fisheries and ecological connectivity |
| 9 | Tawa Reservoir | Madhya Pradesh | Human-made reservoir | Tawa–Narmada basin | Migratory waterbirds | Irrigation, water supply, fisheries and bird habitat |
| 10 | Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Freshwater irrigation tank | Noyyal–Cauvery basin | Waterbirds and migratory species | Wetland habitat, water storage and groundwater recharge |
| 11 | Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Coastal wetland with brackish and freshwater habitats | Coromandel Coast drainage | Flamingos and other migratory waterbirds | Floodwater storage, aquifer recharge and coastal protection |
Ramsar Sites in India
Ramsar Convention
- Ramsar Convention is an intergovernmental treaty under UNESCO.
- Provides the framework for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources.
- It was signed in Ramsar(Iran) on February 2, 1971. (World Wetland Day)
- Partners to Ramsar Convention: Birdlife International, IUCN, Wetlands International, WWF, International Water Management Institute, Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust.
- India joined the Ramsar Convention in 1982.
| India Signs Ramsar Convention |
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Also Read: Wetland Conservation
List of Ramsar Sites in India 2026
| No. | Ramsar site | State/UT | Key feature |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Flamingos, blackbuck and coastal habitats |
| 2 | Karikili Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Freshwater tanks and migratory birds |
| 3 | Pallikaranai Marsh Reserve Forest | Tamil Nadu | Urban freshwater marsh near Chennai |
| 4 | Pichavaram Mangrove | Tamil Nadu | Mangroves between the Vellar and Coleroon estuaries |
| 5 | Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve | Tamil Nadu | Dugongs, sea turtles and coral reefs |
| 6 | Vembannur Wetland Complex | Tamil Nadu | Freshwater wetland and bird habitat |
| 7 | Vellode Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Irrigation tank supporting waterbirds |
| 8 | Udhayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Migratory bird breeding and staging ground |
| 9 | Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | One of India’s oldest bird sanctuaries |
| 10 | Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Breeding habitat for resident and migratory birds |
| 11 | Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Nesting habitat for waterbirds |
| 12 | Suchindram–Theroor Wetland Complex | Tamil Nadu | Wetland on the Central Asian Flyway |
| 13 | Vaduvur Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Reservoir supporting migratory birds |
| 14 | Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Colonial nesting birds |
| 15 | Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Freshwater irrigation wetland |
| 16 | Longwood Shola Reserve Forest | Tamil Nadu | Montane forest wetland in the Nilgiris |
| 17 | Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Reservoir also known as Sarkar Periyapalayam |
| 18 | Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Brackish wetland connected to the Bay of Bengal |
| 19 | Sakkarakottai Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Freshwater wetland near Ramanathapuram |
| 20 | Therthangal Bird Sanctuary | Tamil Nadu | Migratory waterbird habitat |
| 21 | Ashtamudi Wetland | Kerala | Major estuarine wetland |
| 22 | Sasthamkotta Lake | Kerala | Major freshwater lake |
| 23 | Vembanad–Kol Wetland | Kerala | Large lake system; Nehru Trophy Boat Race |
| 24 | Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary | Karnataka | Riverine islands in the Kaveri River |
| 25 | Ankasamudra Bird Conservation Reserve | Karnataka | Human-made tank supporting waterbirds |
| 26 | Aghanashini Estuary | Karnataka | Estuarine ecosystem and traditional gazni rice fields |
| 27 | Magadi Kere Conservation Reserve | Karnataka | Reservoir important for bar-headed geese |
| 28 | Kolleru Lake | Andhra Pradesh | Freshwater lake between the Krishna and Godavari deltas |
| 29 | Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary | Gujarat | Shallow wetland supporting migratory birds |
| 30 | Wadhvana Wetland | Gujarat | Reservoir important for wintering waterfowl |
| 31 | Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary | Gujarat | Shallow freshwater reservoir |
| 32 | Khijadia Wildlife Sanctuary | Gujarat | Freshwater and coastal habitats |
| 33 | Chhari-Dhand | Gujarat | Seasonal Kutch wetland and desert bird habitat |
| 34 | Nandur Madhameshwar | Maharashtra | Wetland at the Godavari–Kadwa confluence |
| 35 | Lonar Lake | Maharashtra | Meteorite-impact crater lake |
| 36 | Thane Creek | Maharashtra | Coastal wetland and flamingo habitat |
| 37 | Nanda Lake | Goa | Freshwater wetland in the Zuari basin |
| 38 | Upper Ganga River (Brijghat–Narora) | Uttar Pradesh | Ganges river dolphin and gharial habitat |
| 39 | Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | Freshwater wetland and migratory birds |
| 40 | Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | Twin oxbow lakes |
| 41 | Saman Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | Seasonal wetland for migratory birds |
| 42 | Samaspur Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | Freshwater wetland and waterbirds |
| 43 | Sandi Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | Marshland and migratory waterfowl |
| 44 | Sarsai Nawar Jheel | Uttar Pradesh | Sarus crane habitat |
| 45 | Sur Sarovar | Uttar Pradesh | Keetham Lake near Agra |
| 46 | Haiderpur Wetland | Uttar Pradesh | Wetland associated with the Madhya Ganga Barrage |
| 47 | Bakhira Wildlife Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | Natural floodplain wetland |
| 48 | Patna Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | Wetland supporting birds |
| 49 | Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | Freshwater lake and bird habitat |
| 50 | Jai Prakash Narayan Bird Sanctuary (Surha Tal) | Uttar Pradesh | Freshwater wetland near Ballia |
| 51 | Sauj Jheel | Uttar Pradesh | Shallow floodplain lake near the Ganga |
| 52 | Sultanpur National Park | Haryana | Migratory bird wintering ground |
| 53 | Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary | Haryana | Large human-made freshwater wetland |
| 54 | Harike Wetland | Punjab | Confluence of the Beas and Sutlej |
| 55 | Kanjli Wetland | Punjab | Wetland associated with Kali Bein |
| 56 | Ropar Wetland | Punjab | Reservoir on the Sutlej River |
| 57 | Beas Conservation Reserve | Punjab | Indus river dolphin habitat |
| 58 | Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary | Punjab | Reservoir in the Shiwalik foothills |
| 59 | Keshopur–Miani Community Reserve | Punjab | Marshes, ponds and agricultural wetlands |
| 60 | Asan Conservation Reserve | Uttarakhand | Asan–Yamuna confluence wetland |
| 61 | Sukhna Wetland | Chandigarh | Urban reservoir at the Outer Himalayan foothills |
| 62 | Pong Dam Lake | Himachal Pradesh | Reservoir on the Beas River |
| 63 | Chandertal Wetland | Himachal Pradesh | High-altitude lake in Spiti |
| 64 | Renuka Wetland | Himachal Pradesh | Lake with springs and karst formations |
| 65 | Wular Lake | Jammu and Kashmir | Major tectonic freshwater lake |
| 66 | Hokersar Wetland | Jammu and Kashmir | Wintering habitat for migratory birds |
| 67 | Surinsar–Mansar Lakes | Jammu and Kashmir | Twin lakes and wildlife sanctuary |
| 68 | Hygam Wetland Conservation Reserve | Jammu and Kashmir | Migratory bird habitat |
| 69 | Shallabugh Wetland Conservation Reserve | Jammu and Kashmir | Staging ground for migratory ducks |
| 70 | Tso Moriri | Ladakh | High-altitude lake and black-necked crane habitat |
| 71 | Tso Kar Wetland Complex | Ladakh | Saline Tso Kar and freshwater Startsapuk Tso |
| No. | Ramsar site | State/UT | Key feature |
|---|---|---|---|
| 72 | Kabartal Wetland (Kanwar Lake) | Bihar | Large freshwater oxbow wetland |
| 73 | Nagi Bird Sanctuary | Bihar | Reservoir supporting wintering birds |
| 74 | Nakti Bird Sanctuary | Bihar | Reservoir and important bird habitat |
| 75 | Gokul Jalashay | Bihar | Freshwater wetland supporting waterbirds |
| 76 | Udaipur Jheel | Bihar | Wetland near Udaipur Wildlife Sanctuary |
| 77 | Gogabil Lake | Bihar | Oxbow lake and Important Bird Area |
| 78 | Udhwa Lake Bird Sanctuary | Jharkhand | Barhel and Pataura wetlands |
| 79 | East Kolkata Wetlands | West Bengal | Wastewater-fed aquaculture ecosystem |
| 80 | Sundarban Wetland | West Bengal | Extensive mangrove forest and tiger habitat |
| 81 | Chilika Lake | Odisha | Large brackish lagoon and Irrawaddy dolphin habitat |
| 82 | Bhitarkanika Mangroves | Odisha | Mangroves and saltwater crocodiles |
| 83 | Ansupa Lake | Odisha | Freshwater oxbow lake formed by the Mahanadi |
| 84 | Tampara Lake | Odisha | Freshwater lake and flood-regulation role |
| 85 | Hirakud Reservoir | Odisha | Reservoir on the Mahanadi River |
| 86 | Satkosia Gorge | Odisha | Riverine ecosystem in the Eastern Ghats |
| 87 | Kopra Jalashay | Chhattisgarh | Reservoir in the upper Mahanadi catchment |
| 88 | Bhoj Wetland | Madhya Pradesh | Upper and Lower Lakes in Bhopal |
| 89 | Sirpur Wetland | Madhya Pradesh | Urban wetland and bird habitat |
| 90 | Yashwant Sagar | Madhya Pradesh | Reservoir important for waterbirds |
| 91 | Sakhya Sagar | Madhya Pradesh | Reservoir inside Madhav National Park |
| 92 | Tawa Reservoir | Madhya Pradesh | Reservoir at the Tawa–Denwa confluence |
| 93 | Keoladeo National Park | Rajasthan | Internationally important migratory bird habitat |
| 94 | Sambhar Lake | Rajasthan | India’s largest inland salt lake |
| 95 | Menar Wetland Complex | Rajasthan | Community-led village wetland conservation |
| 96 | Siliserh Lake | Rajasthan | Historic reservoir near Alwar |
| 97 | Khichan Wetland | Rajasthan | Famous for wintering demoiselle cranes |
| 98 | Deepor Beel | Assam | Freshwater lake and stormwater basin for Guwahati |
| 99 | Loktak Lake | Manipur | Floating phumdis and Keibul Lamjao National Park |
| 100 | Pala Wetland | Mizoram | Natural wetland supporting wildlife |
| 101 | Rudrasagar Lake | Tripura | Freshwater lake and migratory bird habitat |
| 102 | Glaw Lake | Arunachal Pradesh | High-altitude wetland with rich plant diversity |
| 103 | Sauj Jheel | Uttar Pradesh | Sarus Crane (Grus antigone), Greater Spotted Eagle (Clanga clanga) |
Complete State-wise Distribution of Ramsar Sites in India 2026
Top States with Most Ramsar Sites
| Rank | State/UT | Number of Sites | Key Sites |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tamil Nadu | 20 | Pichavaram Mangrove, Gulf of Mannar, Point Calimere |
| 2 | Uttar Pradesh | 14 | Upper Ganga River, Saman Bird Sanctuary, Bakhira Sanctuary, Sauj Jheel |
| 3 | Odisha | 6 | Chilika Lake, Bhitarkanika Mangroves, Satkosia Gorge |
| 4 | Punjab | 6 | Harike Wetland, Ropar Wetland, Kanjli Wetland |
| 5 | Bihar | 6 | Kanwar Lake, Nagi Bird Sanctuary, Nakti Bird Sanctuary |
| 6 | Gujarat | 5 | Nalsarovar, Khijadiya Wildlife Sanctuary, Chhari-Dhand |
| 7 | Jammu & Kashmir | 5 | Wular Lake, Hokersar Wetland, Surinsar-Mansar Lakes |
| 8 | Madhya Pradesh | 5 | Bhoj Wetland, Tawa Reservoir, Sakhya Sagar |
| 9 | Rajasthan | 5 | Keoladeo National Park, Sambhar Lake, Khichan Wetland |
| 10 | Karnataka | 4 | Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary, Aghanashini Estuary, Magadi Kere |
Conservation Efforts and Future Outlook
Government Initiatives
- National Wetlands Conservation Programme – Provides grants for wetland restoration
- Wetlands Under Wise Use – Promotes sustainable use of wetland resources
- Ramsar Site Management Plans – Individual conservation strategies for each site
- Community Involvement – Local communities participate in wetland management
NGO and International Support
Organizations like WWF-India, IUCN, and Birdlife International actively work on wetland conservation and species protection across Ramsar Sites.
Additional Protected Areas in India
While national parks form the core of India’s wildlife protection, the country maintains an extensive network of wildlife sanctuaries. India currently has 544 Wildlife Sanctuaries across the country, complementing the national park system in conserving the nation’s biodiversity.
Other Protected Categories
- Wildlife Sanctuaries: Protect specific species or habitats with less restrictive regulations than national parks.
- Biosphere Reserves: Protect representative ecosystems and promote sustainable development and scientific research.
- Tiger Reserves: Specifically designated for tiger conservation across critical habitat areas.

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