Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI) Historical evolution (Facts) Father of local self-government (LSG) in India: Lord ‘Ripon’ GoI Act 1919: LSG was placed in the ‘transferred’ list. GoI Act 1935: LSG was placed in the ‘Provincial’ list. Constitution of India: LSG was placed in the ‘state’ list. Important committees related to Panchayats (Timeline is important) Year …
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Bhagat Singh (1907-1931) Bhagat Singh remains one of the most influential revolutionaries in India’s struggle for independence. His intense nationalism and desire for an independent India guided his journey in the freedom movement. Born into a family of patriots, he was introduced to the idea of rebellion and resistance from a young age. Bhagat Singh …
Punjab played a crucial role in the Indian freedom struggle through a series of events and movements that significantly contributed to the downfall of British colonial rule. Several key incidents and movements originating in Punjab marked turning points in India’s battle for independence. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (April 13, 1919) The Jallianwala Bagh massacre was one …
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Parakram Diwas, observed annually on January 23, celebrates the valour and legacy of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, one of India’s most revered freedom fighters. This year, 2025, marks the 128th birth anniversary of Netaji, with the day falling on a Thursday. The occasion reminds us of his extraordinary contributions to India’s independence movement and inspires …
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Context International Migrants (IMs) made up 4.7% of the global labour force in 2022, totaling 167.7 million, which is 30 million more than in 2013. Key Contributions of International Migrants (IMs) Global Labour Force Data: Employed and Unemployed: 6 million IMs were employed & 12.1 million IMs were unemployed. Gender-wise Representation: IM men made up …
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The International Court of Justice is hearing a landmark case on climate change obligations, initiated by Vanuatu, to determine the legal responsibilities of countries in protecting the climate system and the consequences for those causing harm. International Legal frameworks involved in the case Paris Agreement & UNFCCC UN Convention on the Law of the Seas …
The Staff Selection Commission (SSC) has released the updated SSC GD Constable Syllabus and Exam Pattern 2025 along with the official notification. Candidates preparing for the General Duty (GD) Constable Exam can use this article as a comprehensive guide to understanding the syllabus, marking scheme, exam pattern, and preparation strategy. In this article, we have …
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United Nations Day 2024 United Nations Day 2024, observed on October 24, marks the anniversary of the UN’s founding in 1945. This year’s theme, “Global Cooperation for a Better Future,” emphasizes the importance of nations working together to address pressing global challenges such as climate change, poverty, and conflict resolution. The day highlights the UN’s …
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Mandal Commission The Mandal Commission, also known as the Second Socially and Educationally Backward Classes Commission, was set up to identify backward classes in India. Led by B. P. Mandal, it submitted its report in 1980, and the recommendations were implemented in 1990. The commission found that 52% of India’s population belonged to Other Backward …
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About Pluto Pluto is a dwarf planet located in the Kuiper Belt. It is a region of the solar system beyond Neptune populated with many small icy bodies, including dwarf planets like Eris and Haumea. NASA’s New Horizons is the only mission to have explored Pluto and the Kuiper Belt, It was launched in 2006. …
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