punjab pcs

Guru Granth Sahib Ji and other Important Sikh Literature

Compilation of the Adi Granth The fifth Guru of the Sikhs, Guru Arjan Dev Ji consolidated the teachings of the genuine writings and teachings of the Sikh Gurus in a book, which acted as a holy book for the disciples...

Ten Sikh Gurus of Punjab

Ten Sikh Gurus of Punjab The term "Sikh" is derived from the Sanskrit word "Sisya," meaning a learner or disciple, and in Punjabi, it specifically refers to a follower of Guru Nanak Dev Ji and his spiritual successors. Guru Nanak...

Climate of Punjab, Seasons and Characteristics

The state of Punjab, located in the subtropical belt in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, is approximately 1600 km away from the Bay of Bengal. Its geographical features include the Shivalik Hills on its northwestern border and Rajasthan...

Freedom Personalities of Punjab

Bhagat Singh (1907-1931) Bhagat Singh remains one of the most influential revolutionaries in India's struggle for independence. His intense nationalism and desire for an independent India guided his journey in the freedom movement. Born into a family of patriots, he...

Punjab’s Contribution to the Struggle for Freedom – Part 2

Punjab played a crucial role in the Indian freedom struggle through a series of events and movements that significantly contributed to the downfall of British colonial rule. Several key incidents and movements originating in Punjab marked turning points in India's...

Punjab’s Contribution to the Struggle for Freedom- Part 1

Why did such movements arise? National Awakening: Early 19th century saw the beginning of a national awakening in India, triggered by British colonial rule. Response to British Influence: British brought rationalism and humanism, which contrasted with India’s traditional practices like...

Anglo-Sikh Wars and Punjab under British Rule

First Anglo-Sikh War (1845–46) Causes of the War British Policy of Annexation The British had long coveted Punjab, especially after the death of Ranjit Singh. While they did not manage to annex Punjab directly during his reign, they pursued strategies...

Ranjit Singh’s Lineage

Ranjit Singh's Lineage After the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in June 1839, the succession of the Sikh Empire became a critical issue, as there was no strong and capable ruler to take his place. Ranjit Singh is said to...

Maharaja Ranjit Singh

Maharaja Ranjit Singh Description Fact Birth 13 November 1780, Gujranwala, Punjab (now in Pakistan) Parents Maha Singh and Raj Kaur Mother-in-Law Sada Kaur Clan Sandhawalia Misl Sukerchakia (became chief in 1792) Title of Maharaja 1801 Treaties Treaty of Amritsar (1809,...

Origin of the Sikh Misls

The Sikh community, facing continuous persecution, began organizing themselves into small armed bands. By 1748, approximately 65 such bands were consolidated into a larger, structured force known as the Dal Khalsa. Over the next two decades, this force evolved into...