geography

Mount Fentale Volcano Emits Methane

Context: An extraordinary volcanic event has been recorded at Mount Fentale, where the volcano has emitted vast amounts of methane into the atmosphere. About Mount Fentale Location: Awash National Park in the Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Methane emissions from volcanoes are...

Coal-Fired Power Plants and Their Impact on India’s Crop Yields

Context: A recent study led by researchers at Stanford University has revealed that coal-fired power plants are significantly reducing India’s rice and wheat yields. Major Pollutants and Their Effects on Crops Nitrogen Oxides (NOₓ) Phytotoxic (toxic to plants) – interferes...

Iraq’s Northern Region is Sinking Due to Plate Tectonics

Context: A recent geological study has found that the northern region of Iraq is slowly sinking. Plate Tectonics and the Sinking Oceanic Slab The sinking is caused by the Neotethys oceanic slab, a remnant of an ancient ocean floor that...

Global Sea Ice Cover Dipped to Record Low

Context: Global Sea Ice Cover dropped to a record low of 15.76 million sq km in February 2025. What is Sea Ice? Sea ice refers to free-floating ice in the polar regions, formed when ocean water freezes. It is different...

Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC), Location, Commission

Context: According to Russia, oil flows through the Caspian Pipeline Consortium were reduced by 30-40% recently after a Ukrainian drone attack on a pumping station. About Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) CPC was established in 1992 to transport crude oil from...

Thermal Structure of Solar Coronal Holes and their Magnetic Fields Unveiled

Context: A new study by Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) has accurately estimated the thermal and magnetic field structures of solar coronal holes. What are Solar Coronal Holes? Coronal holes are dark regions in X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images...

What is an Earthquake Swarm?

Context: A state of emergency has been declared on Greece’s Santorini and the nearby islands of Ios, Amorgos, and Anafi after a swarm of undersea earthquakes. What is an Earthquake Swarm? An earthquake swarm refers to a sequence of multiple...

Why La Nina did not bring down Temperature?

Context: The Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) reported that January 2025 was the hottest January on record. What is La Niña Affect? La Nina is one of the three phases of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), a climate phenomenon that...

Tea Tribes in India and Tea Cultivation

Context: The West Bengal government has allowed 30% of tea garden land to be used for purposes other than tea cultivation. Unions and opposition are criticizing the move, stating that it threatens indigenous groups/ Tea Tribes. About Tea Tribes Tea...

Marine Heat Waves (MHWs), Reasons and Impact

Context: The MHWs off the coast of Western Australia (WA) in January 2025 led to the death of over 30,000 fish according to a study conducted by the non-profit group Climate Central. What Are Marine Heatwaves (MHWs)? MHWs are extreme...