science and tech

What is Supernova, Types, Causes and Effects Explained

Context: Astronomers reported in The Astrophysical Journal the discovery of a new type of supernova that occurs when a black hole wins a gravitational tug-of-war against a giant star. What is Supernova? Definition: A supernova is a powerful explosion that...

Japanese Encephalitis: Transmission, Symptoms, Prevention and Control

Context: Japanese Encephalitis vaccination expanded in Tamil Nadu. Japanese Encephalitis What it is: A viral disease caused by the Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV), belonging to the Flavivirus genus (same family as dengue and yellow fever). It primarily affects the central...

India’s First Private Constellation of EO Satellites

Context: India is in the news for setting up its first private constellation of Earth Observation (EO) satellites under the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model, led by the PixxelSpace India consortium. India’s First Private EO Satellite Constellation under the PPP Model...

Organ Transplantation in India: Challenges and Solutions

Context: Organ transplantation is one of modern medicine’s greatest achievements, offering a lifeline for patients with terminal organ failure. In India, however, despite medical advancements and rising transplant numbers, the organ donation rate remains at 8 per million population —...

Satellite Internet, Key Features, Working and Associated Challenges

Context: Satellite internet is in the news as India prepares for the debut of Elon Musk’s Starlink, expected to reshape connectivity, bridge the digital divide, and enhance both civilian and military communication capabilities. SpaceX partnered with Airtel and Jio to...

Dengue Virus (DENV): Symptoms, Transmission and Treatment

Context: A new study has identified EDE-like antibodies as a key factor for developing broad, cross-serotype immunity against dengue, offering new hope for effective vaccine development. What is DENV (Dengue Virus)? DENV refers to Dengue Virus, which has four serotypes...

Animal Stem Cell BioBank and Laboratory

Context: A new state-of-the-art Animal Stem Cell Biobank and Laboratory was inaugurated at NIAB Hyderabad by Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh, alongside the launch of five groundbreaking veterinary diagnostic tools to boost livestock health and support India’s “Evergreen Revolution.” Animal...

Haemophilia and Prophylaxis: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Context: Prophylaxis is highlighted as the gold standard treatment for haemophilia. What is Haemophilia A? A hereditary bleeding disorder in which blood does not clot properly. Caused by a deficiency of Factor VIII, an essential clotting protein. Cause & Clotting...

India’s Digital Welfare: Key Challenges and Solutions

Context: India has made huge progress in using digital tools for welfare. But this push for efficiency may be reducing citizen participation and weakening accountability. Welfare delivery is becoming more technical and data-driven, but less democratic. How Technology is Changing...

GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrator (MOP)

Context: India's successful test of a new bunker-buster missile has alarmed Pakistan due to its ability to target deeply buried military installations with high precision. About GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrator (MOP) Type: A powerful, GPS-guided, earth-penetrating bomb designed for deeply...