International Organization

Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) Agreement and its Provisions

Context: India and the European Union (EU) continue to differ on Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures, especially over strict EU food safety standards such as pesticide residue limits and aflatoxin levels, impacting agricultural exports from India. Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures...

International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)

Context: CIMMYT is reaching out to the Indian government and private sector for funding support after the shutdown of USAID (United States Agency for International Development) funding from July 1, 2025. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT): Background &...

Ottawa Treaty 1997, Objective, Members and Key Provisions

Context: Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy initiated the process to withdraw from the Ottawa Convention as the war with Russia shows no sign of a conclusion. Recently, Poland, Finland, and the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) have announced plans to withdraw...

US Pulls Funding from GAVI-Global Vaccine Alliance

Context: The U.S. has pulled funding from Gavi, the global vaccine alliance, under Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., sparking global concern as it threatens childhood immunisation efforts and could lead to over a million preventable deaths. About GAVI-Global Vaccine...

International Potato Center (CIP) in Agra, Objectives and Importance

Context: The Union Cabinet has recently approved a proposal by the Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare to set up the South Asia Regional Centre (CSARC) of the International Potato Center (CIP) in Agra, Uttar Pradesh. International Potato Center (CIP)...

Central American Integration System (SICA): Members, Objectives and Functions

Context: The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) organised a virtual dialogue between India and the Central American Integration System (SICA) countries. The Central American Integration System (SICA) or, in Spanish, Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana, is the institution for regional...

World Trade Organisation (WTO), History, Functions and Significance

World Trade Organisation (WTO) The World Trade Organisation (WTO) is a global organisation founded in 1995 to regulate and promote international trade. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) is the successor to the 1947 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)....

United Nations Ocean Conference (UNOC) 2025: BBNJ Treaty and Key Achievements

Context: The 3rd edition of the United Nations Ocean Conference (UNOC) 2025 was held in Nice, France. About United Nations Ocean Conference (UNOC) United Nations Ocean Conference (UNOC) is a global platform to accelerate action for ocean protection and the...

Bonn Climate Change Conference in Bonn, Germany

Context: The annual Bonn Climate Change Conference began in Bonn, Germany. About Bonn Climate Change Conference What is it?: An annual mid-year meeting organised under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Acts as a key platform to...

Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI)

Context: Recently, the 7th edition of the International Conference on Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (ICDRI) was held in Nice, France. About Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) Purpose: Aims to strengthen the resilience of infrastructure systems to climate change and disaster...