India-Ukraine Relations, Key Areas, 10-Point Peace Formula

Context: Recently India and Ukraine discussed a Peace Formula for the conflict between Russia and Ukraine.

10-Point Peace Formula for Conflict between Russia and Ukraine

• Radiation and Nuclear Safety: Prioritise the restoration of safety measures around the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant in Ukraine, currently under Russian control.
• Food Security: Ensure the protection and continuation of Ukraine’s grain exports, particularly to the world’s most impoverished countries.
• Energy Security: Implement price caps on Russian energy exports and support Ukraine in repairing its power infrastructure, which has sustained significant damage from Russian military actions.
• Release of Detainees: Secure the freedom of all individuals held captive, including war prisoners and children taken to Russia.
• Territorial Sovereignty: Reinstate Ukraine’s territorial integrity in accordance with the United Nations Charter, necessitating Russia’s recognition and respect for this sovereignty.
• Ceasefire and Withdrawal: Demand the withdrawal of Russian forces and the halt of military aggression, aiming to restore Ukraine’s internationally recognized borders with Russia.
• War Crimes Justice: Establish a special tribunal for the prosecution of Russian war crimes committed during the conflict.
• Environmental Protection: Focus on environmental rehabilitation, including mine clearance and the repair of water purification systems.
• Conflict De-escalation: Work towards de-escalating the conflict and developing a security framework in the Euro-Atlantic area, with specific security assurances for Ukraine.
• Conflict Resolution Confirmation: Finalise the conflict’s conclusion through a formally signed agreement by all parties involved.

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India-Ukraine Relations

Diplomatic Ties

• Recognition of Ukraine’s sovereignty by India occurred in December 1991 following the Soviet Union’s dissolution.
• India inaugurated its embassy in Kyiv in May 1992, and Ukraine established its mission in New Delhi by February 1993.
• The nations share a cordial relationship, collaborating in sectors such as education, legal aid, and space exploration.

Defence Cooperation

• Since gaining independence, India has sourced military technology and equipment from Ukraine.
• The Indian Air Force employs R-27 air-to-air missiles, produced by Ukraine, on its SU-30MKI fighter jets.
• India has begun exporting weapons to Ukraine, marking a significant step in defence collaboration.

Economic Exchange

• Ukraine considers India the top export destination in the Asia-Pacific region and ranks it fifth globally.
• Bilateral trade between the two countries had grown significantly in the last 25 years, reaching US $3.386 billion in 2021-22, but it has suffered a setback in the last two years of war.
• Indian exports to Ukraine are predominantly pharmaceutical products.

Cultural Interactions

• Over 30 Ukrainian groups are dedicated to promoting Indian dance forms.
• Approximately 18,000 Indian students are pursuing medical studies in Ukraine.
• Indian professionals are primarily engaged in the pharmaceutical, IT, engineering, and educational sectors within Ukraine.

Humanitarian Assistance

• India dispatched 15 shipments of humanitarian aid consisting of medical supplies, medical equipment, blankets, tents, etc.
• The Indian government contributed to the rebuilding of a school in Kyiv as part of its efforts to assist in Ukraine’s recovery.

Additionally, funding was allocated for the training of educators from three Kyiv schools, aimed at enhancing the psychological well-being of Ukrainian children and adolescents amidst the war.

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