Which one of the following is synthesised in the human body that dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow?

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Which one of the following is synthesised in the human body that dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow? ( UPSC CSE 2024)

(a) Nitric oxide

(b) Nitrous oxide-

(d) Nitrogen pentoxide

Answer:- A

Explanation:

Option A is correct: Nitric oxide (NO) is a molecule that is synthesized in the human body. It is produced by the endothelium (the inner lining of blood vessels). It acts as a vasodilator, meaning it dilates blood vessels, which increases blood flow. It also helps in stimulation of hormone release, signaling and regulation of neurotransmission.
Option B is incorrect: Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a gas used for anesthesia and pain relief, but it is not synthesized by the human body and does not have a role in blood vessel dilation.
Option C is incorrect: Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a toxic pollutant and not synthesized in the human body.
Option D is incorrect: Nitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) is a chemical compound and not synthesized in the human body.