upsc

Despite comprehensive policies for equity and social justice, underprivileged sections are not yet getting the full benefits of affirmative action envisaged by the constitution. Comment

Introduction Affirmative actions have been implemented to address historical and social justice through reservations in education, jobs, and political representation, aimed to uplift underprivileged groups like SCs, STs, and OBCs, as mandated by the Constitution for social justice and equality. ...

What is the concept of a ‘demographic winter’? Is the world moving towards such a situation?

Introduction Begin your answer with the concept of demographic winter-scenario where birth rates decline significantly, falling below the replacement rate of 2.1 children per woman. State that the phenomena is being observed in many developed countries, raising concerns about long-term...

What is the phenomenon of ‘cloudbursts’? Explain

Introduction Begin your answer with the definition of cloudbursts-sudden spell of localized, heavy rainfall over a small area. Give examples of major cloudburst events in India-Kochi (2024), Sikkim (2023), Pahalgam (2022), Chamoli (2021) Body Mention when do cloudbursts occur-common from...

Critically analyse the proposition that there is a high correlation between India’s cultural diversities and socio-economic marginalities

Introduction The collective incidence of cultural, linguistic, religious, ethnic and geographical makes India a unique example in the world. This cultural plurality often intersects with socio-economic factors leading to marginalisation among different groups. OR Indian society is a pluralistic society...

Why do large cities tend to attract more migrants than smaller towns? Discuss in the light of conditions in developing countries

Introduction You can begin your answer by stating that in developing countries, rural-to-urban migration is pronounced due to skewed development  Substantiate with data- As per Periodic Labour Force Survey, rural-to-urban migration, represents 18.9% of total internal migration in India. Body...

What is sea surface temperature rise? How does it affect the formation of tropical cyclones?

Introduction You can start your answer by defining sea surface temperature. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) refers to the temperature of the top layer of the ocean, typically measured up to a few meters in depth. SST anomaly- 2 degree rise...

What were the events that led to the Quit India Movement? Point out its results

Introduction The Quit India Movement was launched on August 8, 1942, at Gowalia Tank Maidan in Mumbai. The developments of World War II, including Japan's rapid advances in Southeast Asia and British exploitation of Indian resources created a sense of...

Estimate the contribution of Pallavas of Kanchi for the development of art and literature of South.

Introduction The Pallavas of Kanchi, reigned from the 4th to the 9th centuries CE. Originating as feudatories of the Satavahanas, rulers like Mahendravarman I (600–630 CE) and Narasimhavarman I (630–668 CE) are particularly known for their significant contributions to art,...

Underline the changes in the field of society and economy from the Rig Vedic to the later Vedic period

Introduction The Vedic Period (c. 1500 BCE–500 BCE) in ancient India is divided into the Rig Vedic Period (c. 1500–1000 BCE) and the Later Vedic Period (c. 1000–500 BCE). This period saw significant shifts in society and economy shaping the...

All ideas having large consequences are always simple

7. All ideas having large consequences are always simple Approach  Introduce by providing the benefits of simple ideas, followed by meaning and context Philosophical Basis Examples of simple ideas having large, impactful consequences Antithesis: Not all impactful ideas are simple,...