Perovskite Solar Cells, Objective and Challenges

Context: Researchers have developed a water-based recycling method for perovskite solar cells.

About Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs)

• Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a type of photovoltaic (PV) cell that utilises perovskite materials in their structure, which differs from traditional silicon-based PV cells.
• They are made using perovskite crystals. They offer a cheaper and more efficient alternative than Silicon solar panels.
• They can be manufactured using simpler, low-cost processes.
• Structure of Perovskite Solar Cells: It is composed of multiple layers of –
  • Perovskite crystal layer, Conductive charge transport materials, Metal electrodes & Glass sheets.

Challenges with Perovskite Solar Cells

• Toxicity concerns: It contains lead, a hazardous element which must be carefully managed during manufacturing and disposal.
• Recycling issues: Traditional recycling methods rely on toxic organic solvents like dimethylformamide (DMF). These solvents are harmful and unsuitable for a circular economy approach.

• Researchers have developed a water-based recycling method for perovskite solar cells that ensures:
  • Efficient degradation and recycling of used perovskite material.
  • Recovery of high-quality perovskite crystals, reusable for new solar cells.
  • It avoids organic solvents, making the process greener and more sustainable.

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