UPSC Exam
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UPSC Mains Essay Paper Analysis 2025, Check Solutions
August 29, 2025
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Why is maritime security vital to protect India’s sea trade? Discuss maritime and coastal security challenges and the way forward.
August 29, 2025
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What are the major challenges to internal security and peace processes in the North-Eastern States? Map the various peace accords and agreements initiated by the government in the past decade.
August 29, 2025
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Write a review on India’s climate commitments under the Paris Agreement (2015) and mention how these have been further strengthened in COP26 (2021). In this direction, how has the first Nationally Determined Contribution (2021) intended by India been updated in 2022
August 29, 2025
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Mineral resources are fundamental to the country’s economy and these are exploited by mining. Why is mining considered an environmental hazard? Explain the remedial measures required to reduce the environmental hazard due to mining.
August 29, 2025
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India aims to become a semiconductor manufacturing hub. What are the challenges faced by the semiconductor industry in India? Mention the salient features of the India Semiconductor Mission.
August 29, 2025
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How does nanotechnology offer significant advancements in the field of agriculture? How can this technology help to uplift the socio-economic status of farmers?
August 29, 2025
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Examine the scope of the food processing industries in India. Elaborate the measures taken by the government in the food processing industries for generating employment opportunities.
August 29, 2025
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Examine the factors responsible for depleting groundwater in India. What are the steps taken by the government to mitigate such depletion of groundwater?
August 29, 2025
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Discuss the rationale of the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme. What are its achievements? In what way can the functioning and outcomes of the scheme be improved?
August 29, 2025
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Explain how the Fiscal Health Index (FHI) can be used as a tool for assessing the fiscal performance of states in India. In what way would it encourage the states to adopt prudent and sustainable fiscal policies?
August 29, 2025
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The Government of India recently stated that Left Wing Extremism (LWE) will be eliminated by 2026. What do you understand by LWE and how are the people affected by it? What measures have been taken by the government to eliminate LWE?
August 29, 2025
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Terrorism is a global scourge. How has it manifested in India? Elaborate with contemporary examples. What are the counter measures adopted by the State? Explain
August 29, 2025
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Seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifers is a major concern in India. What are the causes and the remedial measures to combat this hazard?
August 29, 2025
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What is Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS)? What is the potential role of CCUS in tackling climate change?
August 29, 2025
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How can India achieve energy independence through clean technology by 2047? How can biotechnology play a crucial role in this endeavour?
August 29, 2025
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The fusion energy programme in India has steadily evolved over the past few decades. Mention India’s contributions to the international fusion energy project – International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). What will be the implications of the success of this project for the future of global energy?
August 29, 2025
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Elaborate the scope and significance of supply chain management of agricultural commodities in India.
August 29, 2025
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Explain the factors influencing the decision of the farmers on the selection of high value crops in India.
August 29, 2025
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What are the challenges before the Indian economy when the world is moving away from free trade and multilateralism to protectionism and bilateralism? How can these challenges be met?
August 29, 2025
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Distinguish between the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) with special reference to India. Why is the IHDI considered a better indicator of inclusive growth?
August 29, 2025
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The reform process in the United Nations remains unresolved, because of the delicate imbalance of East and West and entanglement of the USA vs. Russo-Chinese alliance. Examine and critically evaluate the East-West policy confrontations in this regard.
August 28, 2025
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Energy security constitutes the dominant kingpin of India’s foreign policy, and is linked with India’s overarching influence in Middle Eastern countries. How would you integrate energy security with India’s foreign policy trajectories in the coming years?
August 28, 2025
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The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights has to address the challenges faced by children in the digital era. Examine the existing policies and suggest measures the Commission can initiate to tackle the issue.
August 28, 2025
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In contemporary development models, decision-making and problem-solving responsibilities are not located close to the source of information and execution, defeating the objectives of development. Critically evaluate.
August 28, 2025
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Inequality in the ownership pattern of resources is one of the major causes of poverty. Discuss in the context of ‘paradox of poverty’.
August 28, 2025
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What are environmental pressure groups? Discuss their role in raising awareness, influencing policies and advocating for environmental protection in India.
August 28, 2025
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Examine the evolving pattern of Centre-State financial relations in the context of planned development in India. How far have the recent reforms impacted the fiscal federalism in India?
August 28, 2025
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Discuss the evolution of collegium system in India. Critically examine the advantages and disadvantages of the system of appointment of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India and that of the USA.
August 28, 2025
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Indian Constitution has conferred the amending power on the ordinary legislative institutions with a few procedural hurdles. In view of this statement, examine the procedural and substantive limitations on the amending power of the Parliament to change the Constitution.
August 28, 2025
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Constitutional morality is the fulcrum which acts as an essential check upon the high functionaries and citizens alike…” In view of the above observation of the Supreme Court, explain the concept of constitutional morality and its application to ensure balance between judicial independence and judicial accountability in India.
August 28, 2025
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With the waning of globalization, post-Cold War world is becoming a site of sovereign nationalism. Elucidate.
August 28, 2025
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India-Africa digital partnership is achieving mutual respect, co-development and long-term institutional partnerships. Elaborate.
August 28, 2025
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e-Governance projects have a built-in bias towards technology and back-end integration than user-centric designs. Examine.
August 28, 2025
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Women’s social capital complements in advancing empowerment and gender equity. Explain.
August 28, 2025
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The Attorney General of India plays a crucial role in guiding the legal framework of the Union Government and ensuring sound governance through legal counsel.” Discuss his responsibilities, rights and limitations in this regard.
August 28, 2025
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Discuss the nature of Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly after the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019. Briefly describe the powers and functions of the Assembly of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. (10 Marks, 150 Words)
August 28, 2025
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Compare and contrast the President’s power to pardon in India and in the USA. Are there any limits to it in both the countries? What are preemptive pardons? (Answer in 150 words)
August 28, 2025
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Comment on the need of administrative tribunals as compared to the court system. Assess the impact of the recent tribunals reforms through rationalisation of tribunals made in 2021.
August 28, 2025
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Discuss the ‘corrupt practices’ for the purpose of the Representation of the People Act, 1951. Analyze whether the increase in the assets of the legislators and/or their associates, disproportionate to their known sources of income, would constitute ‘undue influence’ and consequently a corrupt practice.
August 28, 2025
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Contentment is natural wealth, Luxury is Artificial Poverty
August 26, 2025
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It is best to see life as a journey not as a destination
August 26, 2025
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The Years Teach Much Which The Days Never Know UPSC Essay
August 26, 2025
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Muddy water is best cleared by leaving it alone
August 26, 2025
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Best Lessons are Learned Through Bitter Experiences
August 26, 2025
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Thought Finds a World and Creates One Also
August 26, 2025
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The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting
August 26, 2025
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Discuss the distribution and density of population in the Ganga River Basin with special reference to land, soil and water resources. (15 marks, 250 Words)
August 26, 2025
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Does tribal development in India centre around two axes, those of displacement and of rehabilitation? Give your opinion. (15 Marks, 250 Words)
August 26, 2025
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Achieving sustainable growth with emphasis on environmental protection could come into conflict with poor people’s needs in a country like India. Comment. (15 Marks, 250 Words)
August 26, 2025
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