Sacred Relics of Buddha’s Chief Disciples Enshrined in Mongolia: Significance of Sanchi Stupa and India-Mongolia Buddhist Ties

Context

On the occasion of Buddha Purnima (Vesak Day) 2026, the sacred relics of Arhat Sariputra and Arhat Mahamoggallana, the two chief disciples of Lord Buddha, were ceremonially enshrined at the Gandantegchenling Monastery in Mongolia.

Read Also: UPSC Daily Current Affairs 2026

About the Relics

• Sacred Buddhist relics preserved at the Sanchi Stupa have been sent to Mongolia for public exposition viewing in Ulaanbaatar (capital of Mongolia). Relics are of the following two disciples:
  • Arhat Sariputra: One of the closest and most respected disciples of Lord Buddha who is celebrated for his wisdom, knowledge, and clear understanding of Buddhist teachings.
  • Arhat Mahamoggallana: Known for his deep meditation practices and exceptional spiritual attainments while preserving Buddha’s teachings.

About Sanchi Stupa

• Located in the Raisen district of Madhya Pradesh, on a plateau near the Betwa River.
• Built by Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE.
• Houses relics associated with Lord Buddha and some of his most revered disciples.
• Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1989.
• Surrounded by a large stone railing with four beautifully carved gateways, famous for their detailed sculptures depicting Buddhist themes.
• The main stupa consists of a hemispherical dome (Anda), symbolizing the universe and the spiritual journey.
• Above the dome stands the Harmika, a square structure representing the sacred mountain at the center of the world.
• Rising from the Harmika is the Yashti (central pillar), symbolizing the link between heaven and earth.
• The pillar is topped by Chatras (umbrellas), which represent different heavenly realms and spiritual protection.

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