Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Symptoms, Risks and Treatment

Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI): Symptoms, Risks and Treatment

Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) is a condition where veins in the legs fail to return blood efficiently to the heart, causing swelling, pain, varicose veins, and skin changes. Early diagnosis and lifestyle changes help manage symptoms and prevent complications.

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Context: U.S. President Donald Trump was recently diagnosed with Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI), a medical condition that affects blood flow in the veins.

What is Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI)?

Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) occurs when the veins in the legs fail to return blood efficiently to the heart.
Normally, valves in the veins ensure one-way blood flow toward the heart.
In CVI, faulty or weakened valves allow blood to flow backwards and pool in the legs.
Though not typically life-threatening, CVI can cause pain, swelling, leg cramps, skin discolouration, varicose veins, and leg ulcers.

Symptoms of Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI)

Who is at Risk?

Individuals are more likely to develop CVI if they are:
- Overweight
- Pregnant
- Have a family history of venous issues
The risk also increases in people who have:
- Suffered leg injuries
- Undergone leg surgeries
- Experienced blood clots
CVI is common in older adults, affecting approximately 1 in 20 adults.

Treatment Options for CVI

Lifestyle changes are the first line of treatment:
- Regular physical activity
- Elevating the legs
- Weight control
Medical therapies include:
- Medications that improve blood flow
- Compression therapy, using tight stockings or bandages to support veins
In severe cases, surgical procedures may be considered.