Current affairs

Village Defence Guards (VDGs): Role, Structure, Training, Challenges and Significance

Village Defence Guards (VDGs) are community-based security volunteers in Jammu and Kashmir, created to strengthen grassroots defence and support security forces in maintaining internal security. In the context of persistent cross-border terrorism, infiltration attempts and asymmetric warfare, VDGs act as...

Rakhigarhi Mahotsav Turns Harappan Site into a Living Classroom

The Rakhigarhi Mahotsav, organised from 26 to 28 December 2025 by the Haryana Directorate of Archaeology & Museums, transformed India’s largest Harappan site into an open-air classroom where history was not merely displayed—but experienced. Through KBC-style quizzes, mock excavations, folk...

100 Years of CPI: Origins, Ideology, Freedom Struggle and Legacy

100 Years of CPI marks a significant milestone in India’s political and ideological history. Founded on December 26, 1925, at Kanpur, the Communist Party of India (CPI) has completed a century of existence. Over the last 100 years, the CPI...

Santhali Language: History, Script, Constitutional Status, and Cultural Significance

The Santhali language is one of India’s oldest and most vibrant tribal languages, spoken predominantly by the Santhal tribe, one of the largest indigenous communities in eastern India. Recognised in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution, Santhali represents not...

Why India Needs Its Own Economic Model?

India stands at a critical economic crossroads. While rapid growth and industrialisation have lifted millions out of poverty globally, blindly replicating Western-style consumption-driven capitalism may not be suitable for a country with India’s population size, ecological constraints, and social realities....

Challenges in India’s Airline Sector: Key Issues Hindering Sustainable Growth

India’s airline sector is one of the fastest-growing aviation markets globally, driven by rising middle-class incomes, expanding regional connectivity, and increasing domestic air travel demand. However, despite impressive passenger growth, the industry continues to struggle with structural, financial, and operational...

Forest Conservation Act, 1980: Objectives, Key Provisions, Significance and Supreme Court Judgments

India’s forests are critical for ecological balance, biodiversity conservation, climate regulation, and the livelihoods of millions. Recognising the rapid depletion of forest cover due to unchecked diversion for development activities, Parliament enacted the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. The law marked...

Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI): How DoT’s Smart Tool Prevented ₹660 Crore Cyber Fraud Losses in 6 Months

India’s digital payments ecosystem is among the fastest growing in the world, but this rapid expansion has also made the country a prime target for cybercriminals. To counter this growing threat, the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) launched an innovative and...

30th Anniversary of PESA Act: Significance, Features, Challenges and the Road Ahead

The 30th Anniversary of the Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (PESA) marks three decades of India’s most transformative experiment in tribal self-governance and grassroots democracy. Recently, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj organised PESA Mahotsav: Utsav Lok Sanskriti Ka...

Industrial Parks in India: Driving Manufacturing Growth, Smart Infrastructure

Industrial parks in India have emerged as powerful engines of economic growth, industrialisation and infrastructure development. With planned layouts, shared facilities and streamlined governance, industrial parks play a crucial role in strengthening India’s manufacturing ecosystem, attracting domestic and foreign investment,...