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Daily Current Affairs for UPSC – 3 January 2023

 

Daily Current Affairs for UPSC 2023

Q) Which among the following surfaces have maximum albedo?

  1. Bare soil
  2. Desert Sand
  3. Fresh Asphalt
  4. Ocean ice

Daily Current Affairs for UPSC – 2 January 2023

Explanation:

  • Option (4) is correct: Albedo can be defined as a way of quantifying how much radiation is reflected from the surface. It is a comparison between the reflected radiation from the surface to the amount of radiation that hits it. It will always be in the range of between 0-1.
    • Value “0” – If a score of zero is given, then the conclusion is that the surface is highly receptive to light, meaning that the surface takes in all the light that comes into contact with it. It is characterized by black surfaces.
    • Value “1” – This score is evidence that the surface does not absorb incoming light. It is characterized by white surfaces.
  • The albedo of our planet is 0.367, whereas that of the moon stands at 0.12, meaning the moon reflects 12% out of the radiation that falls on it.
Surface Albedo
Fresh Asphalt 0.04
Bare soil 0.17
Desert Sand 0.40
Ocean ice 0.5-0.7

Q) With reference to the Forest Advisory Committee (FAC), consider the following statements:

  1. It is constituted under the provisions of the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980.
  2. It is involved in the grating of approval for diverting forest land for non-forest purposes.
  3. It is chaired by the Union Minister of Environment, Forests and Climate Change.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 only
  2. 1 and 2 only
  3. 2 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3

Explanation:

  • Statements 1 and 2 are correct: The Forest Conservation Act, 1980 stipulates that permission from the Central Government is necessary to practice sustainable agro-forestry in forest areas. The act thus provides for the prior approval of the Central Government for the diversion of forest land for non-forest purposes. This is done via a specially constituted committee, called the Forest Advisory Committee (FAC). The Forest Advisory Committee (FAC) is constituted under section 3 of the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980.
  • Statement 3 is incorrect: The Forest Advisory Committee is chaired by the Director General of Forests, Ministry of Environment and Forest and Climate Change.

Q) With reference to Black Carbon (BC), consider the following statements:

  1. BC is produced only by human activities as a result of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels.
  2. BC remains in the atmosphere for less time than Carbon Dioxide (CO2).

Which of the statements given above is/are not correct?

  1. 1 only
  2. 2 only
  3. Both 1 and 2
  4. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is incorrect: Black Carbon (BC) has recently emerged as a major contributor to global climate change, possibly second only to Carbon dioxide (CO2)as the main driver of change. BC particles strongly absorb sunlight and give soot its black colour. BC is produced both naturally and by human activities as a result of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, biofuels, and biomass.
  • Statement 2 is correct: BC remains in the atmosphere for only a few weeks in contrast to CO2which has such a long atmospheric lifetime. Once CO2 is added to the atmosphere, it hangs around, for a long time: between 300 to 1,000 years.
  • Question Hack: Statement 1 is an absolute/extreme statement so its probability of being incorrect is high. As Black Carbon is generated through combustion, it can occur through both natural and manmade activities.  Statement 2 can be guessed correctly, as Black Carbon is a particulate matter it is likely to stay less than a gas that is CO2.

Q) Gambling Act also known as The Public Gambling Act,1867 is the law made to govern gambling in India. In India,

  1. Only Central Government is entitled to formulate laws for gambling activities.
  2. Only State Government are entitled to formulate laws for gambling activities.
  3. Both State and Central Government are entitled to formulate laws for gambling activities.
  4. All State, Central and Local Government are entitled to formulate laws for gambling activities.

Explanation:

  • Option (2) is correct: Gambling Act also known as The Public Gambling Act,1867 is the law made to govern gambling in India. Gambling is a state subject, and only states in India are entitled to formulate laws for gambling activities within their respective states, Goa and Sikkim are the only exceptions which have allowed gambling and betting in their state, subject to regulation of their respective state Governments. Some states like Goa have legalised casinos.

Q) With reference to Ponzi Schemes, consider the following statements:

  1. Ponzi schemes typically involve investments that have not been registered with state regulators.
  2. Ponzi schemes do not fall under the regulatory purview of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).
  3. Ponzi scheme frauds are dealt with by the Enforcement Directorate under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 only
  2. 2 and 3 only
  3. 1 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: Ponzi schemes typically involve investments that have not been registered with state regulators. Registration is important because it provides investors with access to key information about the company’s management, products, services, and finances.
  • Statement 2 is correct: Ponzi schemes do not fall under the regulatory purview of SEBI and the state government concerned is the enforcement agency. They are banned under the Prize Chit and Money Circulation (Banning) Act, 1978. Though it is a Central Act the respective State governments are the enforcement agency of this law.
  • Statement 3 is correct: Ponzi scheme frauds are dealt by Enforcement Directorate under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002.

 

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Gambling Act known as?

Gambling Act also known as The Public Gambling Act,1867.

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