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Daily Current Affairs for UPSC – 24 January 2023

Daily Current Affairs for UPSC 2023

Q) Which one of the following statement is not correct about Subhas Chandra Bose?

  1. He supported the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 1931.
  2. He was not in favour of the Nehru Report of 1928.
  3. He started the newspaper Swaraj.
  4. He announced formation of Azad Hind Government from Singapore.

Daily Current Affairs for UPSC – 23 January 2023

Explanation:

  • Option (1) is incorrect: Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was born on 23rd January 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa Division, Bengal Province, to Prabhavati Dutt Bose and Janakinath Bose. In 1919, he cleared the Indian Civil Services (ICS) examination (resigned later). He considered Swami Vivekananda as his spiritual Guru and his political mentor was Chittaranjan Das. He actively participated in the Salt Satyagraha of 1930 and opposed the suspension of the Civil Disobedience Movement and the signing of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact in 1931.
  • Option (b) is correct: He stood for unqualified swaraj (independence) and opposed the Motilal Nehru Report of 1928 which spoke for dominion status for India.Due to ideological differences with Gandhi, Bose resigned and left congress and founded a new party, ‘the Forward Bloc’.
  • Option (c) is correct: He started the newspaper Swaraj and took charge of publicity for the Bengal Provincial Congress Committee. Jai Hind, Give me blood and I will give you freedom, Chalo Dilli, Itmad (Faith), Ittefaq (Unity) and Kurbani (Sacrifice) were some of the important slogans given by him.
  • Option (d) is correct: He reached Japanese-controlled Singapore from Germany in 1943; issued from there his famous call, ‘Delhi Chalo’, and announced the formation of the Azad Hind Government and the Indian National Army on 21st October 1943. The INA included both the Indian prisoners of war from Singapore and Indian civilians in South-East Asia. Its strength grew to 50,000. The INA fought allied forces in 1944 inside the borders of India in Imphal and in Burma.

Q) Consider the following statements about the Union budget:

  1. The Department of Revenue in the Finance Ministry is the nodal body responsible for producing the budget.
  2. Interest payment on debt incurred by the government is a part of capital expenditures.
  3. Every year, an interim budget is presented to Lok Sabha before the complete budget.

Which of the statements given above are not correct?

  1. 1 and 2 only
  2. 2 and 3 only
  3. 1 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3 

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is incorrect: Indian Union Budget is prepared by the Ministry of Finance in consultation with NITI Aayog and other concerned ministries. Budget division of the department of economic affairs (DEA) in the finance ministry is the nodal body responsible for producing the Budget. Until 2016, the Union Budget was presented on the last day of February, however, that has changed to the first of February. Furthermore, the Railway Budget which was presented separately a day before the final Budget was merged with the Union Budget after 2016.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: Interest payments on debt incurred by the government are a part of the Revenue Expenditure of the Budget. Revenue Expenditure is expenditure incurred for purposes other than the creation of physical or financial assets of the central government. It relates to those expenses incurred for the normal functioning of the government departments and various services, grants given to state governments and other parties (even though some of the grants may be meant for creation of assets).
  • Statement 3 is incorrect: An interim budget or a ‘vote of account’ announced generally during an election year. The interim budget comprises a complete set of accounts including both revenue and expenditure. However, after the success of an election, the winning government announces the full budget later on and changes are possible in the final document than those presented in the interim budget. The interim budget is the estimates of accounts for the next two to four months.

Q) With reference to ‘Agriculture Infrastructure Fund’ (AIF), consider the following statements:

  1. AIF provides a long-term debt financing facility for investment in post-harvest infrastructure projects.
  2. AIF covers both primary and advanced processing activities of agricultural products.
  3. Start-ups and joint-liability groups are also eligible to use the AIF’s finance facility.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 only
  2. 1 and 3 only
  3. 2 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: The Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) aims to provide a medium and long-term debt financing facility for investment in viable projects for post-harvest management Infrastructure and community farming assets through interest subvention and financial support. For APMCs, interest subvention for a loan up to Rs. 2 crores will be provided for each project of different infrastructure types. NABARD will steer this initiative in association with the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: It is a pan India Central Sector Scheme launched in the year 2020. The scheme is limited to primary processing units. Advanced processing activities are not a part of the scheme. However, some components of such processing units like warehouse, assaying units, sorting & grading units, cold storages, pack-houses, collection centers, ripening chambers, logistics facilities etc. can get benefit of agriculture infrastructure fund.
  • Statement 3 is correct: Within two-and-a-half years of the implementation of the AIF, the scheme has mobilized more than Rs.30, 000 crore for projects in the agriculture infrastructure sector. Intended beneficiaries which can avail finance facility under the AIF are: Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS), Joint Liability Groups (JLG), Marketing Cooperative Societies, Farmer Producers Organizations (FPOs), Self Help Group (SHG), Farmers, Multipurpose Cooperative Societies, Agri-entrepreneurs, Startups etc.

Q) Consider the following statements about the ‘Great Nicobar Island’:

  1. The Onges and Jarawas tribal group inhabits the Great Nicobar Island.
  2. The Great Nicobar Development Project is being undertaken by the Ministry of Urban Affairs.
  3. The leatherback sea turtle is the island’s flagship species.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 only
  2. 2 and 3 only
  3. 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 3 is correct: About Great Nicobar Island (GNI) includes two national parks, and a biosphere reserve, and is home to the Shompen and Nicobarese tribes. The Great Nicobar Island has tropical wet evergreen forests, mountain ranges reaching almost 650 m above sea level, and coastal plains. Fourteen species of mammals, 71 species of birds, 26 species of reptiles, 10 species of amphibians, and 113 species of fish are found on the island, some of which are endangered. The leatherback sea turtle is the island’s flagship species. Indira Point, earlier known as Pygmalion Point, lies at the tip of the Great Nicobar Island and is the southernmost point of the country. The Onges inhabit the Little Andaman Island and the Jarawas are inhabiting presently the Western coast of Middle Andaman and South Andaman Islands.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: Great Nicobar Development Project is being spearheaded by the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Integrated Development Corporation (ANIIDCO) under a vision plan conceived by the NITI Aayog. It aims to leverage the locational advantage of being on the international sea route and develop GNI as a sustainable, green, global destination for business, trade, and leisure. The initiation of the project will mark a steep rise in employment opportunities.

Q) Consider the following statements:

  1. Charaideo Moidams are the Mound-Burials of the megalithic period located in the state of Telangana.
  2. Swami Sahajanand Saraswati founded the Awadh Provincial Kisan Sabha in 1929 AD.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 only
  2. 2 only
  3. Both 1 and 2
  4. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is incorrect: Charaideo Moidams (pyramids) of Assam are the Mound-Burial System of the Ahom Dynasty. They represent the late medieval (13th—19th century CE) mound burial tradition of the TaiAhoms in Assam. They will be India’s nomination for UNESCO’s world heritage site status in the cultural category for 2023-24. Charaideo exclusively contains moidams of Ahom royals, while other moidams of aristocrats and chiefs can be found scattered across Eastern Assam. The CharaideoMoidams host the mortal remains of Ahom royalty—previously, those of the deceased with their paraphernalia were also buried.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: Swami Sahajanand Saraswati was an ascetic, a nationalist and a peasant leader of India. Although born in present-day UP, his social and political activities focussed mostly on Bihar in the initial days, and gradually spread to the rest of India. The Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha (BPKS) was founded by Saraswati in 1929 to address peasants’complaints about zamindari attacks on their occupancy rights and served as the foundation for the farmers’ movements in India. The All-India Kisan Sabha (AIKS) was established at the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress in April 1936, with Saraswati chosen as its first President. Subhash Chandra Bose and the All India Forward Bloc decided to observe April 28 as All-India Swami Sahajanand Day in protest of his arrest by the British Raj during the Quit India Movement.

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FAQs

Is this statement not correct about Subhas Chandra Bose. "He supported the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 1931"?

True

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