Daily Current Affairs for UPSC – 17th September 2022

Daily Current Affairs for UPSC 2022

Q) Consider the following statements regarding the IUCN Status of Cheetah

1. African Cheetah is native to south and eastern Africa. They’re IUCN status is Endangered.
2. Asiatic Cheetah found in Iran and once found in India is Critically Endangered.
3. Due to their regional favorability, Asiatic Cheetahs are reintroduced into India.

Which of these statements are not correct?

1. 2 and 3 only
2. 3 only
3. 1 only
4. 1 and 3 only

Daily Current Affairs for UPSC – 19th September 2022

Explanation:

Cheetahs

• African cheetahs: They are native to Southern and Eastern Africa in regions spanning Namibia, South Africa, Botswana, Tanzania, and Kenya etc.
• Protection status: The IUCN status of African Cheetahs is Vulnerable. (Statement 1 is not correct)
• Asiatic Cheetah: Asiatic Cheetahs are critically endangered species surviving only in Iran. It was declared extinct in India in 1952. (Statement 2 is correct)
• Eight African cheetahs from Namibia (five females and three males) flew 8,000 km over to the Kuno National Park in Madhya Pradesh. (Statement 3 is not correct)

Q) Consider the following statements regarding Kuno National Park

1. Kuno National Park is located across Sheopur and Morena districts of Madhya Pradesh.
2. The Kuno river, a tributary of Betwa, flows through the National Park.
3. The National park is a part of the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion.

Which of these statements are correct?

1. 2 only
2. 1 and 3 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 3 only

Explanation:

Kuno National Park

• Kuno National Park is located across Sheopur and Morena districts of Madhya Pradesh. (Statement 1 is correct)
• The Kuno river, a tributary of Chambal, flows through the National Park. (Statement 2 is not correct)
• The National Park is a part of the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion. (Statement 3 is correct)
• The Saharia tribals are the original inhabitants of the region.

Q) Consider the following statements regarding the Supreme Court’s decisions on Euthanasia

1. In Aruna Shanbaug v. UOI, the Supreme Court held that Right to life under Article 21 does not include right to die.
2. In Gian Kaur V. St. of Punjab, the Supreme Court allowed passive euthanasia in exceptional cases.
3. In Common Cause v. UOI, SC held that a person in persistent vegetative state can opt for Passive Euthanasia

Which of these statements are correct?

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 1 only
4. 3 only

Explanation:

Q) Recently, a report titled India Discrimination Report was released by –

1. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
2. NITI Aayog
3. World Bank
4. None of the above

Explanation:

• NGO Oxfam India has released a report titled ‘India Discrimination Report’ based on government data on employment and labour from 2004-05 to 2019-20.

More on the News

• The figures are based on data from the Union Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.
• The report has compiled unit level data from the 61st round of National Sample Survey on employment-unemployment (2004-05), the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2018-19 and 2019-20), and the All-India Debt and Investment Survey by the Centre.

Q) Consider the following statements regarding Periodic Labour Force Survey 2020-21

1. Recently the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) for 2020-21 released by the Ministry of Labour and Employment.
2. It shows that the unemployment rate fell to 4.2% in 2020-21, compared with 4.8% in 2019-20.
3. The percentage of persons in the labour force in the population increased from 40.1% in the previous year to 41.6% during 2020-21.

Which of these statements are correct?

1. 2 and 3 only
2. 1 only
3. 1 and 2 only
4. 3 only

Explanation:

• Recently the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) for 2020-21 released by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI) (Statement 1 is not correct)

What are the Highlights of PLFS?

• Unemployment Rate: It shows that the unemployment rate fell to 4.2% in 2020-21, compared with 4.8% in 2019-20. (Statement 2 is correct)
• The rural areas recorded an unemployment rate of 3.3% and urban areas recorded an unemployment rate of 6.7%.
• Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR): The percentage of persons in the labour force (that is, working or seeking work or available for work) in the population increased from 40.1% in the previous year to 41.6% during 2020-21. (Statement 3 is correct)
• Worker Population Ratio (WPR): It increased from 38.2% of the previous year to 39.8%.

Q) Consider the following Ekalavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS).

1. The scheme is being implemented by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs.
2. 100% of the seats of EMRS should be filled up by ST candidates.
3. Each school has a capacity of 480 students, catering to students from Class VI to XII.

Which of these statements are correct?

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 and 2 only
4. 2 and 3 only

Explanation:

• Context: EMRS for tribal students are facing severe teacher shortages.

What is Ekalavya Model Residential Schools?

• About: They were introduced in the year 1997-98 to ensure tribal students get access to quality education in the remote tribal areas.
• Objective: To provide quality middle and high-level education to Scheduled Tribe (ST) students in remote areas, to enable them to avail of opportunities in high and professional educational courses and get employment in various sectors.

Features of EMRS

• Each school has a capacity of 480 students, catering to students from Class VI to XII. (Statement 3 is correct)
• 10% of the seats of EMRS can be filled up by non-ST candidates (shall not exceed the total strength of 480). (Statement 2 is not correct)
• Currently, 367 EMRS are functional in India.

Implementation

• The scheme is being implemented by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs. (Statement 1 is correct)
• National Education Society for Tribal Students (NESTS) as an autonomous body under the Ministry has been set up to provide overall support and policy directions to the schools to bring uniformity in the administration of the schools.

Q) Consider the following statements

1. The Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises revised the definition of small companies under the Companies Act, 2013.
2. Paid up capital has been revised from 2 crore to 5 crore
3. Annual Turnover has been revised from 20 crore to 50 crore

Which of these statements are correct?

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 2 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. None

Explanation:

• The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) revised the definition of small companies under the Companies Act, 2013. (Statement 1 is not correct)
• What is the revised definition? (Statement 2 and 3 are not correct)

What is Paid up capital?

• Paid-up capital is the amount of money a company has received from shareholders in exchange for shares of stock.
• Paid-up capital is created when a company sells its shares on the primary market directly to investors, usually through an initial public offering (IPO).

Q) Consider the following statements regarding UN Charter

1. The UN Charter of 1945 is the foundational treaty of the United Nations, as an inter-governmental organization.
2. Conference held in New York City (USA), was attended by representatives of 50 countries and signed the United Nations Charter.
3. The name “United Nations”, coined by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Which of these statements are incorrect?

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 2 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1 and 2 only

Explanation:

What is the History of UN Foundation?

• In 1899, the International Peace Conference was held in The Hague to elaborate instruments for settling crises peacefully, preventing wars and codifying rules of warfare.
• It adopted the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes and established the Permanent Court of Arbitration, which began work in 1902. This court was the forerunner of UN International Court of Justice.
• The forerunner of the United Nations was the League of Nations, an organization conceived in circumstances of the First World War, and established in 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles “to promote international cooperation and to achieve peace and security.”
• The International Labour Organization (ILO) was also created in 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League.
• The name “United Nations”, coined by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt. (Statement 3 is correct) A document called The Declaration by United Nations was signed in 1942 by 26 nations, pledging their Governments to continue fighting together against the Axis Powers (Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis) and bound them against making a separate peace.
• United Nations Conference on International Organization (1945)
• Conference held in San Francisco (USA), was attended by representatives of 50 countries and signed the United Nations Charter. (Statement 2 is not correct)
• The UN Charter of 1945 is the foundational treaty of the United Nations, as an inter-governmental organization. (Statement 1 is correct)

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